838 Trypanosome Diseases. 



months. The Trypanosoma Peeaudi, named by Laveran, resembles the 

 Tr. dimorphon, and is, according to Buffard, said to be transmitted by 

 the Glossina palpalis. Dogs are also susceptible. Thiroux & Teppaz 

 found the auripigment effective. (Cazalbou, Rev. gen., 1907, IX, 564. — 

 Bouffard, A. P., 1908, XXII, 1.) 



5. Mbori and El Debab of Camels. (Maladie de la mouche.) The 

 Sergent brothers in Algeria, and Cazalbou in Timbuctu, have described 

 this as an independent affection, but according to Laveran it is supposed 

 to be identical with surra. The camels become affected with symptoms 

 of anemia and emaciation, also turning the head and neck to the side, 

 while edema and disturbances in locomotion are not usually observed. 

 About 10% of the dromedaries are supposed to be affected in Algeria. 

 (Laveran, Acad, de med., 1904. — Sergent & Ledoux, Soc. dePath. exot., 

 1908, 22.) 



Other Trypanosomes. Besides those described, other species of 

 trypanosomes have recently been found in domestic animals; some of 

 these will be briefly described in' the following:' 



Trypanosoma Theileri; first denionstrated by.Theiler in cattle in 

 South Africa, later by Schilling in Togo, Szewczyk & Rennes in North 

 Africa, Sander on the Island of Mafia of the German-Bast African 

 protectorate, Valladares in Madras, Luhs in Trans-Caucasia, Pease' found 

 it in India also in buffaloes. It is characterized by its considerable 

 size (30-70 /* long, 2-5 ^ broad, and a long flagella. First it was con- 

 sidered by Theiler as the cause of gall sickness (see p. 783), but it 

 appears to be a harmless habitant of the blood of cattle. (Theiler, 

 Comp. Path., 1903, XVI, 192.^Mayer, Z. f., Infkr., 1909, VI, 46 [Lit.].) 



A similar trypanosome was found by Frank in great numbers 

 in the blood of German cattle in Stein-Wingert (Wiesbaden), and 

 named by Frosch Tryp. Frank. Further Knuth, Rauchbaar & Morgen- 

 stern succeeded in demonstrating trypanosomes of the same type by 

 inoculation of defibrinated cattle blood into sterile beef bouillon; in 

 the District of Oberwesterwald in 7 out of 25, in another stable 10 

 out of 17, and in a third 6 out of 9 otherwise healthy cattle, which 

 originated from various localities of Germany. (Z. f. Infkr., 1909, V. 

 313.— B. t. W., 1910, 539 u. 610.) 



Also very similar is, according to Lingard, the Tryp. himalayanum 

 and the Tryp. indicum, further the Tryp. muktesari, this however 

 somewhat smaller, and with shorter flagella (C. R., 1908, 452), also 

 the Tryp. americanum, which was by Crawley found frequently in 

 healthy cattle in North America (An. Ind. Bull., 119, 1909). 



Broden described the Tryp. congolense as a, special species, which 

 frequently causes disease in the Congo especially among horses, but 

 also among other domestic animals and has also been found in the 

 northern part of Rhodesia. It is smaller than the nagana trypanosome, 

 has no free flagella, and otherwise resembles the small form of the 

 Tryp. dimorphon. (Laveran, A. P., 1910, XXIV, 81.) This closely 

 resembles the Tryp. nanum, which was demonstrated by Theiler in 

 Zambesia and in Limpopo in cattle, and in Zuzuland in a horse. (Soc. 

 de pathol. exot., 1909.) 



Mathis & Leger observed a trypanosome in a chicken, which they 

 named Tryp. Calmettei. (Soc. biol. 1909, LXVI, 452.) 



(See also Liihe, Handb. d. Tropenkrkh., 1906, III, 124, u. Doflein, 

 ,Lehrb. d. Protozoenkunde, 1909, 390.) 



