844 Spirochaetosis in Man. 



affected pony, whose blood transmitted the parasite to horses, cattle and 

 sheep, and he considers them identical with the Sp. Theileri. 



Literature. Theiler, J. of Comp. Path., 1904. XVII. 47; Bull. P., 1905. II. 

 617. — Djatsohenko, Cbl. f. Bakt., 1904. XXXV. 737. — Martoglio & Carpano, Ann. 

 d'lgiene sperim., 1904. XIV. 577. — Laveran & Vallee, C. E., 1905, CL. 1515. — 

 Ziemann, Cbl. f. Bakt., 1905, XXXVIII. 447. — Dodd, J., of Comp. Path., 1906. 

 XIX. 318. — Heanley, ibid., S. 322. — Stordy, ibid., S. 226. — Titze, Z. f. Infkr., 

 1908. IV. 139. (Eeview with literature). — Knuth, ibid., 1910. VII. 149 (recent lit.). 



Spirochaetosis in Man. Kecurrent fever (Febris recitrrens) is 

 known as a spirochetosis and is caused by the Spiroehaete recurrentis 

 s. Obermeierei discovered by Obermeier (1868). The affection is mani- 

 fested by severe febrile attacks lasting from 3 to 12 days, and recurring 

 after 2 to 11 days. In most cases lasting recovery results after several 

 febrile attacks. The natural transmission appears to result through 

 the agency of blood-sucking arthropodes, possibly also by insects and 

 lice. According to the most recent observations of Iversen in Russia 

 the disease may be cured quickly and permanently with Ehrlich's 

 Amidoarsenobenzpl. 



A similar affection in the tropics, the African recurrent fever, or 

 "tick fever," is produced by the Spiroehaete Duttoni (according to- 

 Koch identical with the above), and is transmitted to healthy man by 

 a tick (Arnithodorus moubata). (Schilling, Mense's Handb. d. Tropen- 

 krankheiten, 1906, III, 668.) 



Since the discovery by Schaudinn of fine spirochaetes (Sp. pallida, 

 Treponema pallidum) in the syphilitic organs, syphilis is also con- 

 sidered as a spirochetosis. This view has received material support by 

 the splendid results of Ehrlich's chemotherapy. Besides a spirochete 

 (Sp. pertenuis) was found by Castellani, as a probable cause of the 

 disease in Pramboesia tropica, a skin affection of the tropics which 

 clinically resembles syphilis. (A. f. Sehiffs- u. Tropenhyg., 1907, XI, 22.) 



