850 . Anemia. 



existing dropsy can no longer be influenced in spite of suitable 

 care and treatment. 



Treatment. In acute anemia, if bleeding still continues, 

 the hemorrhage should first of all be arrested ; in external hemor- 

 rhage by surgical measures, internal bleedings by the adminis- 

 tration of hemostatic remedies. Most satisfactory are Ergot 

 (15-25.0 or 0.5-2.0 gm: of the extract; 5-10.0 or 0.2-1.0 gm. 

 per OS; the extract may also be used subcutaneously in half 

 doses), Ergot in (1-2.0 or 0.02 to 0.2 gm.) Extractum hydrastis^ 

 (10-15.0 gm. subcutaneously for horses) ; very good results may 

 further be obtained by intravenous injections of adrenalin or 

 suprarenin (1-5 cc. of a solution of 1:1000 per 100 kg. body 

 weight) . The transfusion of blood from a healthy animal^of the 

 same species can hardly be accomplished in practice, while the 

 infusion of physiological salt solution into the veins (combined 

 with adrenalin or suprarenin), or into the rectum is frequently 

 carried out and may be a life saver. In cases developing less 

 suddenly an increased partaking of water may increase the 

 fallen blood pressure, the ingestion of water should however 

 be permitted only after the cessation of the hemorrhage. 



Berger al'ways obtained good results by infusions of salt solutions into the 

 rectum (10-20 liters of a 0.6% solution for horses and cattle). The infusion should 

 be made slowly and the rubber tube of the irrigator should be introduced far into 

 the rectum. 



Flatten, Dorn and Frick constructed suitable appliances for the application 

 of intravenous injections of physiological salt solution, but the infusion may be 

 carried out in emergency with the aid of a simple rubber tube and funnel. The 

 solution should be sterilized by boiling and then cooled down to body temperature. 



Albrecht repeatedly injected defibrinated blood drawn from healthy horses 

 under the skin of affected horses. The blood, which was kept at 40° C, was 

 injected in quantities of 80 cc. with the aid of a syringe of suitable size inta 

 various parts under the skin of the abdomen and facilitated the absorption by mas- 

 saging the place of injection. In this manner he succeeded in injecting 1% 

 liters of blood under the skin of the abdomen in a short time. 



In all cases of anemia special care must be taken in regulat- 

 ing the diet. The necessary substances for the formation of 

 blood (proteids and nutritive salts) should in the first place 

 be given in increased amounts. Best adapted are nutritious 

 food stuffs (oats, barley, legumin, good hay, mieat, etc.), in 

 very weakened animals yolks of eggs, milk, strong bouillon 

 mixed with eggs, in the absence of appetite the animals should 

 be drenched with this food. In primary anemia with normal 

 digestion the purely dietetic treatment alone frequently pro- 

 duces an improvement progressing from day to day and even 

 complete recovery may result in a relatively short time. The 

 food should be given in small rations but frequently. In anemia 

 brought on by feeding food stuffs lacking in nutritive qualities, 

 above all substances saturated with water, recovery may be 

 obtained in such cases which are not very severe, by a suitable 

 change in food, particularly by the substitution of dry foods. 

 An edema which may be present does not require any special 

 treatment. 



