Treatment. 981 



may be employed, sucli as secale cornutum and its preparations, 

 suprarenin or adrenalin (of the 0.1% solution 1-5 cc. per 100 

 kgm. of body weight, intravenously in physiological salt solu- 

 tion) ; also astringent or styptic irrigation of the bladder with 

 a 0.5% solution of tannin, a 17° solution of alum or a 0.01% 

 solution of suprarenin. 



Literature. Liebetanz, Monh., 1907. XVIII. 454 (Lit.). — Schmidt, B. t. W., 

 1905. 426. 



Haematuria Vesicalis. (Stallrot der Binder, German; Hematurie 

 chronique des bovides, French.) This is a chronic hematuria of cattle 

 which occurs in Baden (Hink, Anaeker) and elsewhere in Germany, 

 also in certain parts of France and Italy (Moussu), in Belgium 

 (Lienaux), and in Hungary, and causes in some regions considerable 

 losses. The trouble occurs after exclusive dry feeding in the stable, and 

 more particularly in older cattle. 



As causes of hematuria have been suggested: insufficient feeding 

 (Anaeker), bacterial infection (Detroye), coccidiosis of the bladder 

 (Arnold), filaria or distomata (Lydtin), the action of irritating poisons 

 (Galtier), and Hink considers stasis in the territory of the posterior 

 vena cava as the probable cause. The latter view in a somewhat modified 

 form has recently been shared by Lienaux, who referred the develop- 

 ment of the disease to the periodical compression of the bladder by 

 the rumen when it is filled unduly with voluminous food, and to venous 

 stasis in the walls of the bladder produced thereby. The circulatory 

 disturbances produced in this manner would then result in similar 

 dilatations in the capillaries, in portions of the bladder, as they are 

 found in teleangiectasia maculosa hepatis. The consequent periodical 

 hemorrhages produce, according to Lienaux, a secondary proliferation 

 of the connective tissue and moreover prepare the soil for secondary 

 bacterial infections of the bladder. On the other hand, Gotz maintains 

 the view that certain irritations which are probably not specific but 

 mechanical, chemi?ial, mykotic or toxic, cause at first an increased 

 discharge of urine which is associated with tenesmus, in consequence 

 of which the epithelia and the tissue of the mucosa are caused to 

 proliferate, while the capillaries and smaller veins are permanently 

 dilated. In this manner he assumes a gradual varicose dilation of 

 the blood vessels in the mucous membrane of the bladder, and from 

 these hemorrhages into the tissue of the mucous membrane and into 

 the lumen of the bladder. For this reason Gotz believes the disease 

 to be a cystitis verrucosa. 



The anatomical changes consist at first only in the occurrence 

 of dark red spots in the mucous membrane of the bladder; in a more 

 advanced stage red or brown, sometimes yellowish or gray varicosities 

 are visible as large as hempseeds, and sometimes between these cellular 

 proliferations, as large as nuts or hen's eggs and up to 2 kgm. in 

 weight, roundish or lobulated, like cauliflower (Hink's round-cell 

 sarcoma). Ulcerous destruction of the vesical mucosa or perforation 

 of the bladder wall may also be present ■ and occasionally unilateral 

 or bilateral nephritis or hydronephrosis. The bladder contains bloody 



