988 Amyloid Kidney. 



especially vomiting, profound stupor and lowered temperature 

 (down to 35.9° C). In two cases he saw edematous infiltration 

 of all four extremities, and in one case ascites which, however, 

 was probably due to liver disease. 



The symptoms have great similarity with those of chronic 

 non-indurating nephritis, but with the difference that the 

 amount of urine is not diminished and that only little sediment 

 is formed in spite of the large amount of albumen present. 



Diagnosis. The disease is suspected only when in a 

 chronic organic disease or in poor nutrition and anemia the 

 urine, which is voided in approximately normal amount, con- 

 tains rather much albumen, but furnishes only little organic 

 sediment with cells that give the amyloid reaction, or hyaline 

 casts. The probability of the diagnosis is much increased if 

 at the same time enlargement and firmer consistency of liver 

 and spleen are found to be present. 



Treatment. Treatment does not promise particularly good 

 results. In suitable cases the treatment of the basic condition 

 may be supplemented by intensive nutrition and by the ad- 

 ministration of iron and iodine. 



Literature. Ball, Arch. f. Vet.-Wiss., 1905. 362. — Dorflinger, Vet., 1897. 

 349. — Eabe, Harm. Jhl., 1882-83. 86. — Kies, Eec, 1903. 629. 



6. Acute Inflammation of the Kidneys. Nephritis Acuta. 



Acute nephritis is an inflammatory disease of the kidneys 

 which is manifested either by nutritional disturbances of the 

 renal epithelia and an only slight involvement of the interstitial 

 tissue (Nephritis acuta parenchymatosa), or which in addition 

 to changes in the parenchyma of the kidney produces very 

 decided inflammatory changes also in the connective tissue, 

 without, however, causing the formation of a purulent exuda- 

 tion (Nephritis acuta diffusa). 



The clinical data concerning nephritis in veterinary medicine are 

 as yet rather incomplete, probably partly because systematic urinary 

 analysis does not yet occupy its proper place in veterinary practice. 

 In contrast to the many various forms of disease which have been 

 ascertained by post-mortem- examination and still more by histological 

 investigation in the various inflammatory processes in the kidneys, 

 clinical examination is able to differentiate only few clinical pictures 

 with the methods at its disposal. 



In the following paragraphs an attempt will be made to classify 

 the inflammations of the kidneys according to the system which is 

 generally accepted in human medicine, on the basis of observations 

 reported in literature and of the authors' own investigations. This 

 is fully justified by the pathological anatomy of nephritis in animals 

 which has been studied carefully, especially by Kitt. 



