1010 Purulent Nephritis. 



are present, or when the sediment contains also pus in addition 

 to renal elements, while disease of the urinary passages can 

 be excluded. An abscess of the kidney may be assumed to 

 exist in those rare cases in which small portions of renal 

 tissue are found in the sediment. In other cases the disease 

 can only be suspected with more or less probability. 



For differential diagnosis are to be considered especially 

 acute and chronic non-purulent nephritis, catarrh of the urinary 

 passages, purulent catarrh of the uterus, vagina and prostate 

 (seep. 994). 



Prognosis. The clinically manifest purulent nephritis ends 

 sooner or later in death. If the inflammation is not very 

 extensive, and especially if only one kidney is involved the 

 possibility of a relative recovery is not excluded. 



Treatment. In case of unilateral disease the extirpation 

 of the affected kidney (nephrectomy) is to be considered; the 

 method of this operation in animals has been described in 

 detail by Parascandolo. But as it is at present impossible 

 in animals to make sure whether the function of the other 

 kidney is undisturbed, there is always danger that after the 

 resection of the one kidney the animal dies of uremia because 

 the other kidney was also affected. (Miinnich has removed 

 one kidney in a cow without the desired result; Maksutow 

 operated on a horse successfully). Function of the abscess 

 rarely gives good results. 



In the elinie at Budapest experiments were made with the oystoscope which 

 is used in human medicine. It appeared that in dogs the catheterization of the 

 ureters was impossible on account of the anatomical relations of the ureteral open- 

 ings, while it was carried out successfully in horses. 



If operative interference is not resorted to and other'treat- 

 ment is desired, the therapy described for acute diffuse nephritis 

 (see p. 995) may be adopted. 



Literature. Benjamin, Bull., 1905. 131. — Cocu, Eec, 1899. 232. — Colin, 

 Eec, 1900. 20. — ■ Degen, Die hamatogene eiterige Nephritis d. Sehweines. Dies. 

 Giessen. 1907 (Lit.). — Ellis, Am. v. Eev., 1901. 113. — Haase, B. t. W., 1908. 

 427. — Horn, Beitr. z. Kenntn. d. chron. Nierenerkr. d. Schafes. Diss. Leipzio': 

 1908. — Johne, 8. B., 1875. 30, 32. — Kitt, Monh., 1893. IV: 433 (Lit.) ; Path 

 Anat., 1906. 11. 487. — Leisering, S. B., 1872. 21. — Morel, Bull., 1904. 931. 

 — Miinnich, W. f. Tk., 1878. 17. — Parascandolo, Monh., 1903. XIV. 228. — 

 Schmidt, Maanedsskr., 1899. X. 179. — Siedamgrotzky, S. B., 1875. 29: 1891. 18. — 

 Stiegler, S. B., 1904. 172. 



10. Bacterial Inflammation of the Renal Pelvis and of the' 

 Kidneys. Pyelonephritis Bacterica. 



{Pyelonephritis hacillosa s. diphtherica s. myotica hovum.) 



Bacterial pyelonephritis is an inflammation of the kidneys 

 which usually runs a chronic course and is characterized by 

 small softened foci in the cortical portion, diphtheritic disin- 



