1034 



Catarrh of the Bladder. 



of the bladder. In this case the appetite is suppressed and 

 defecation retarded. 



The clinical picture of chronic catarrh of the bladder is 

 similar, although the symptoms, especially pain and pressure 

 of urine are less severe and often absent (Gmeiner). The 

 urine is also similar in character, but red blood cells are less 

 numerous while on the other hand ammoniacal fermentation 

 is more frequent. (Sivieri observed, in a mare with chronic 

 bladder catarrh, rupture of the bladder after partial necrosis 

 of its thickened wall.) 



Course. Simple acute catarrh of the bladder is not rarely 

 relieved by appropriate treatment, but in certain cases it passes 

 over into the chronic form which is much more obstinate. In- 

 flammation which is accompanied by copious pus-formation, 



Fig. 179. Pavement epUhelia (superficial 



layer) from the bladder of a horse with 



catarrh of the bladder. 



Fig. 180. Pavement epithelium (deeper 



layer) from the bladder of a horse 



with catarrh of the bladder. 



hemorrhage, ulceration or necrosis takes usually an unfavorable 

 course, because in such cases general infection is apt to occur, 

 chemical changes in the urine give rise to stone formation; 

 the inflammation may be transmitted to the pelvis of the kidneys 

 and finally to the kidneys. 



Treatment. Absolute rest, non-stimulating food and the 

 drinking of as much water as possible are indicated in all 

 cases. 



In simple acute catarrh of the bladder healing is not in- 

 frequently produced by internal treatment only. For this the 



