242 FOREST TEEES. 



With regard to the above remarks, it may be 

 observed that the heartwood increases with the age 

 of the tree until there is practically no sapwood 

 left, and the correct time to fell would appear to be 

 at this juncture. In propagation, the best results 

 are obtained by sowing the ripe berries newly taken 

 from the tree, with the seed in them. If the fruit 

 is dried in the sun or kept for a few weeks, it does 

 not answer so well. The red soil about Bangalore — 

 loam incorporated with oxide of iron — appears to 

 suit the requirements of sandal, especially when it 

 forms ridges, or is situated between low rocks on the 

 higher grounds. 



484 Scleropyrum Wallichianum, Ass. Kan. Benduga. 

 'Pig.-Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 304. 



A small tree in Hassan, Coorg, and the Wynaad. 

 Often spiny. Flowers in short catkins near the ends 

 of the shoots. Uses unknown. 



LXV. EUPHORBIACE^. 



485 EuphorbiaTirucalli, Linn. Kan. Kalli, Bonta, 



kalli; Kadu-nevali, 



Fig.—Bot. FJates Lal-Bagh Collection. 

 Reference,— Diet, of Econ. Prod, of Ind. 



A small tree of hedgerows. Erect, 12 — 20 feet, 

 leafless or with inconspicuous leaves. Whole plant 

 green, glabrous, much branched, branches resembling 

 stout rushes, but easily broken and very milky. 

 Commonly known as the 'milk hedge' or *milk 

 bush.' Indigenous to Africa, but extensively natura- 

 lised in this country. The acrid juice is a well 

 known purgative and counter-irritant. The old 

 wood affords material for making gunpowder char- 

 coal ; and the very acrid nature of the milky juice 

 prevents cattle from breaking the plant, on 

 which account it affords an excellent fence fof 



