LAWS GOVERNING THE BREEDING 
of two birds a few degrees apart in color tone and 
is related to mottling, which comes from extreme 
matings. 
Golden hackles, or ‘‘pumpkin necks,’’ as they 
are derisively called, mar an otherwise even sur- 
face and are nothing less than the result of bad 
breeding and careless selection. All red breeds 
should carry more or less black in flights and sec- 
ondaries and in main tail feathers. Buff breeds 
should be free from black in any part of their 
plumage; yet both red and buff breeds carry a 
mixture of yellow and red pigment controlled and 
subdued by in and line breeding according to 
kind. Black has an affinity for red and is neces- 
sary in toning to shade of red desired. White has 
no affinity for red; hence is of harm in any part of 
the plumage and as aforementioned bears a rela- 
tion to silvery red under-color or surface overcast 
with roan splashes. 
At times in the buff breeds, the red pigment 
is stubborn and proclaims itself in surface of sec- 
ondaries and in tail by a chestnut hue which is 
the despair of the buff breeders as it spoils har- 
mony of the golden buff in the other sections. 
The only explanation of its persistence is that the 
larger heavier feathers draw out an over-plus of 
red pigment which seems to bear a relationship to 
the black points in red breeds. Its removal calls 
for the thorough cleansing power of persistent line 
breeding and intelligent selection in matings. 
Find a sire and dam free from these defects and 
then line breed according to chart. As before 
>? 
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