LAWS GOVERNING THE BREEDING 
are alike in distinctive markings. While male of 
penciled varieties is similar to male of stippled 
varieties in having black breast and body, the 
similarity ends there, except where double mating 
is used. This only proves their relationship as 
well as the sub-laws which govern each kind and 
breed. In every breed or variety where female is 
penciled the male carries a black stripe in hackle 
and saddle. In every breed or variety where fe- 
male is stippled the male does not carry a black 
stripe in hackle and saddle except in brown and 
silver leghorns. Standard description. 
These two varieties call for black stripe in 
hackle and saddle which cannot be produced with- 
out double mating. Double mating in this in- 
stance seems to break the sub-laws governing 
penciling and stippling and yet it proves those 
laws, as it is a well known fact that females of 
the male line of these two breeds are more in- 
clined to penciling than to stippling; that males 
of the female line are without black stripe in 
hackle and saddle or very deficient therein. 
Another peculiar fact in connection with these 
sub-laws which, while not exactly pertinent to the 
subject, is well worthy of notice, is the phenom- 
enon of color harmony or color aura. Every male 
of every variety carrying red plumage with black 
stripe in hackle and saddle should have yellow 
legs to perfect the color harmony or aura; which 
accounts for the exceeding beauty of the standard 
bred Brown Leghorn male. Take the same bird 
and remove the black stripes and a dirty rusty red 
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