1. CYCADACEAE— S. PINACEAE. 



CYCADALES. 

 FAMILY 1— CYCADACEAE. 



Stems simple, rarely branched, woody with mucilaginous 

 juice. Leaves large, pinnate. Male cones with large micro 

 sporophylls bearing numerous pollen sacs on under surface. 

 Female cones bearing large mega sporophylls each with 2 ovules 

 (in S. African species). Seeds drupe like. 2 genera 8 species. 

 1. Leaf pinnae with parallel veins. 1. ENCEPHALARTOS. 



Leaf pinnae with a midrib and pinnate veins. 2 STANGERIA. 



1. ENCEPHALARTOS Lehm. "umNgqabe." 



1. altensteinii Lehm. Fairly common in rocky places. 



Coast and Midlands. Thorn Veld. 



2. brachyphyllus Lehm. Ngoya, Zululand, 2-3,000 ft. 



3. caffer, Miq. Midlands. 



4. ghellinckii Lehm. Coast to Drakensberg. 



5. lehmannii Lehm. Coast belt. 



6. longifolius Lehm. 



7. villosus Lehm. Coast belt. 



8. woodii Sand. Zululand, rare. 



2. STANGERIA. T. Moore, "im Fingo." 



paradoxa Moore. Coast and Midlands. Fairly common. 



CONIFERAE. 

 FAMILY 2— TAXACEAE. 



Trees. Leaves alternate, undivided. Flowers dioecious. 

 "Stamens'' with 2 — 9 pollen sacs. "Carpels'" free 1 ovuled. Seeds 

 drupelike. 1 genus 3 species. 

 PODOCARPUS L'Herit. "Yellow wood." 



1. latifolia (Thb) R. Br. Dominant in many forests. Mid- 



lands and Drakensberg. "umSonti." 



2. elongata (Ait) L'Herit. Subdominant or dominant in 



many forests. Midlands and Drakensberg "umKoba." 



3. falcata (Thb.) R.Br. Dominant in Southern Drakens- 



berg forest. 



FAMILY 3— PINACEAE. 



Stems woody. Leaves needle or scale like. "Stamens" with 

 usually 2 pollen sacs underneath. Carpels with usually 2 ovules 

 1 genus 1 species. 



