174. 131, VERBENACEAK. 



2. sylvatica Hoffm. Drakensberg streams. 



6. LITHOSPERMUM L. 



1. arvense L. Ruderal. Common. 



2. cinereum DC. Midlands. 



3. officinale L. Midlands. 



7. TYSONIA Bolus. 



africana Bolus. Foot of Drakensberg, 5,000 ft. 



FAMILY 131— VERBENACEAE, 



Herbs, shrubs or trees. Leaves usually opposite or whorled, 

 simple or compound, exstipulate. Flowers usually irregular, 

 hermaphrodite. Sepals united below, 4 — 8. Petals united 4 — 8. 

 Stamens 4. Ovary superior, sessile, entire or slightly lobed. 

 completely or incompletely 2 — 4 (rarely 8) celled, sometimes only 

 I cell fertile. Ovules 1 in each complete or incomplete cell. 

 Style terminal, simple or 2 — 4 cleft. Fruit usually more or less 

 drupaceous. Seeds endospermic in Stilbeae, otherwise usually 

 not. 9 genera 24 species. 

 1. Inflorescence racemose (centripetal) in spikes or racemes, 

 ovules basal. 2. 



Inflorescence cymose. Trees or shrubs. Ovules inserted later- 

 ally or pendulous. 7. 

 2.*Inflorescence a branched raceme. Fruit of 4 pyrenes, each 

 2 chambered and 2 seeded. 6 DURANTA. 

 Inflorescence a spike or unbranched spicate raceme. 3. 



3. Ovary 2 celled, 1 ovule in each. Fruit of 2 (or 1) pyrenes. 4. 

 Ovary 4 chambered, with 1 ovule in each chamber. 6. 



4. Calyx not less than quarter inch long. 3 BOUCHEA. 

 Calyx about one-twelfth inch long. 5. 



5. Calyx obscurely toothed or truncate. Fruit drupaceous. 



1 LANTANA. 

 Calyx 2 — 4 lobed or toothed. Fruit dry, hard. 2 LIPPIA. 



6. Pyrenes 2, each 2 seeded. 4 PRIVA. 

 Pyrenes 4, each 1 seeded. 5 VEP.BENA. 



7. Mangroves growing in brackish water. Cymes capitate. 



Ovule pendulous. 9 AVICENNIA. 



Not mangroves. Cymes not capitate. Ovule lateral. 8. 



8. Leaves simple. Drupe 4 lobed or furrowed. Pyrenes 4. 



7 CLEftQDENDRON. 



Leaves usually compound. Drupe entire, containing a single 



4-chambered pyrene. 8 VITEX. 



1. LANTANA L. "umPema." "uQuquvama." 



1. salvifolia Jacq. Coast and Midlands. Common. 



2. camara L. Introduced. Common. 



2. LIPPIA L. 



1. nodiflora Mich. Sandy places near sea. 



