WHAT IS DARWINISM? 15 



no resistance." (p. 166). Resistance, however, 

 is a form of force ; and, therefore, on the fol- 

 lowing page, Spencer says, " that forces stand- 

 ing in certain correlations, form the whole con- 

 tents of our idea of matter." 



When we turn from the objective to the 

 subjective, from the external to the inward 

 world, the result is still the same. He agrees 

 with Hume in saying that the contents of our 

 consciousness is a series of impressions and 

 ideas. He dissents, however, from that phi- 

 losopher, in saying that that series is all we 

 know. He admits that impressions necessa- 

 rily imply that there is something that is im- 

 pressed. He starts the question, What is it that 

 thinks ? and answers, We do not know. (p. 63). 

 He admits that the reality of individual per- 

 sonal minds, the conviction of personal exist- 

 ence is universal, and perhaps indestructible. 

 Nevertheless that conviction cannot justify it- 

 self at the bar of reason ; nay, reason is found 

 to reject it. (p. 65). Dean Mansel says, that 

 consciousness gives us a knowledge of self as 

 a substance and not merely of its varying 

 states. This, however, he says, " is absolutely 

 negatived by the laws of thought. The fun- 

 damental condition to all consciousness, em- 



