WHAT IS DARWINISM? 69 



the varieties we see ? No attempt is made to 

 explain this except by reference to the fact 

 that ' purpose ' and ' contrivance ' are every- 

 where visible, and by an illogical deduction 

 they could only have arisen by the direct ac- 

 tion of some mind, because the direct action 

 of our minds produce similar ' contrivances ; ' 

 but it is forgotten that adaptation, however 

 produced, must have the appearance of de- 

 sign." (p. 280) l After referring to the fact 

 that florists and breeders can produce varieties 

 in plants and animals, so that, " whether they 

 wanted a bull-dog to torture another animal, 

 a greyhound to catch a hare, or a bloodhound 

 to hunt down their oppressed fellow-creatures, 

 the required variations have always appeared," 

 he adds : " To be consistent, our opponents 

 must maintain that every one of the variations 

 that have rendered possible the changes pro- 

 duced by man, have been determined at the 

 right time and place by the Creator. Every 

 race produced by the florist or breeder, the 

 dog or the pigeon fancier, the rat-catcher, the 

 sporting man, or the slave-hunter, must have 

 been provided for by varieties occurring when 



1 It is, therefore, clear that design is what Mr. Darwin and 

 Mr. Wallace repudiate. 



