MONKEY HAND-PRINTS 153 
fingers of the monkey. In regard to the pads on the 
palm and sole, these are subject to some degree of variation 
in the carnivora, and they may sometimes coalesce to such 
a degree that their original relations are more or less 
obscured. But in some of these animals * three distinct 
pads are observable in the forefoot corresponding in position 
with the interdigital eminences of the monkey’s palm. 
Continuing the semicircle formed by these three is a fourth 
pad, representing the radial eminence of the monkey, while 
farther down on the palm is one corresponding to the 
ulnar eminence of the latter; a small additional pad being 
intercalated between the radial and the ulnar pads. 
It is thus fully demonstrated that the pads on the fore- 
foot of the dog and the cat correspond with the pattern- 
bearing eminences of the monkey’s palm, and these again 
with the much less distinctly defined eminences on the 
human hand. In animals which use both feet exclusively 
for walking, it will, however, be obvious that delicate 
papillary ridges, designed partly for the purpose of obtaining 
a firm grip on any object seized, and partly to act as 
organs of touch, would be perfectly useless. And we 
accordingly find the papillary ridges of man and monkeys 
replaced in the cat, the dog, and the rabbit by granular 
conical elevations, which have, however, doubtless the same 
structure, and are foreshadowed by the pustules on the 
fingers and palms of the lemurs. 
One other point remains to be mentioned. In all the 
lower monkeys that have been examined both by Dr. 
Hepburn and myself the pattern of the papillary ridges 
* Those who are interested in the subject may turn to the figure 
of the foot-pads of the Linsang, given by the late Prof. Mivart 
on p. 158 of the Proceedings of the Zoological Society for the 
year 1882, 
