THE PEDIGREE OF THE}DOG 201 
We have now arrived at the conclusion that domesticated 
dogs trace their descent back to at least two wild species, 
and we may quote once more from Mr. Bartlett, who writes 
as follows: “All wolves, if taken young and reared by 
man, are tame, playful, and exhibit a fondness for those 
who feed and attend to them. The same may be said for 
all the species of jackals. This being so, it is highly 
probable that both wolves and jackals were for many ages 
in the company of man, and that owing to this association 
the different species of these animals may have bred 
together and become domesticated.” 
This introduces the various species of jackals into the 
problem, and since there is a marked similarity between 
certain domesticated breeds of dogs and jackals, while the 
native domestic dogs of nearly every country present a 
more or less markedly striking likeness to one or other of 
the indigenous wild Canidae of the same district, there can 
be little doubt that Canis familaris has a multiple origin, 
and that man has tamed various wild races at different 
times in different parts of the globe. And it will be obvious 
that where the domestication has taken place in very 
remote ages, and there has been much subsequent mingling 
and shifting of population, the resemblance to the wild 
species will be the least marked. On the other hand, 
where the taming has been comparatively recent, where 
there has been no shifting of population, or where the 
original breed was best adapted to the needs of its masters, 
then the resemblance to the original stock will be most 
likely to persist longest. 
To give a few instances. Mr. Blyth was much struck 
with the marked resemblance between many of the Indian 
pariah dogs and the wolf of the same country—a resem- 
blance to which I can testify from my own experience. In 
