232 MOSTLY MAMMALS 
Georgia, and the South Shetlands. On the eastern side 
of the Pacific they occur, as recorded by Lord Anson, on 
Juan Fernandez, and thence by way of the Marquesas to 
the Macquarie and other islands south of New Zealand, 
where the British Museum specimens were obtained. They 
were likewise common on the coasts of Tierra del Fuego 
and Southern Patagonia; and the occurrence of the isolated 
colony north of the equator in California has been already 
mentioned. 
The trunk-like muzzle of the old bull sea-elephant, like 
the sac on the crown of the head of its relative the bladder- 
seal, is capable of inflation during periods of excitement, 
but at other times is small and relatively inconspicuous. 
Probably it is only when the animals are on shore, and 
more especially during the breeding season, that the trunk 
is inflated to its full extent. The sketch in Lord Anson’s 
“Voyage,” although true to nature in some respects, is in 
many ways a caricature, and it is only of late years that 
photographs have been obtained showing the true form of 
the animal. From these it appears that when on land the 
old bulls are in the habit of supporting the fore-part of 
the body on the front flippers and raising the neck and 
head into a nearly vertical posture, so that the latter is 
fully six feet above the ground. When the trunk is 
inflated to its fullest extent, the mouth is opened, and the 
animal emits a succession of terrific roars, which may be 
heard for miles. 
In using its front flippers as a means of support to this 
extent, the elephant-seal is quite unlike the rest of the 
earless seals, and resembles the sea-lions and sea-bears. 
It also agrees with the latter group in the great superiority 
of the males to the females in point of bodily size. A 
third point of resemblance between elephant-seals and 
