21 



3. Catarrhini (narro w- nosed). — O^cZ World monkeys. Nostrils close 

 together. Tympanic bone has a long tubular mouth. 



(a) Gynomorplice (Dog-like).— Long, often dog-like muzzles. 

 Ischial callosities are present. Usually cheek pouches. Some 

 arboreal, others not, hence adapted both for climbing and walkin<T. 

 e.g. Baboons and Mandrils (Cynocephali ), Africa and Arabia. 

 Macacque (Macacus) is terrestrial; E. Asia, JST. Africa, Gibraltar. 

 Colobus is thumbless ; Africa. Sacred monkey of India (Semno- 

 pithecus). 



(6) Aiithropomorphce (Man-like). — The anthropoid apes. Semi- 

 erect. Tail-less. Fore-limbs longest. Ischial callosities and cheek 

 pouches absent. Spinal column nearly straight. Arboreal. Brain 

 approaches in form the brain of man, but is relatively smaller, e.g. 

 Gibbon (Hylobates), has cheek pouches ; S. Asia. Orang-utan 

 (Simla) ; Borneo and Sumatra. Chimpanzee (Troglodytes Niger) ; 

 W. Africa. Gorilla (Troglodytes Gorilla) ; W. Africa, largest and 

 most highly developed ape. 



3. Anthropidse. — Partially hair clad. Hallux non-opposable. Teeth in 

 one continuous arch with no gaps. Erect. Spinal column exhibits a series 

 of curves (four), so constructed that the centre of gravity falls between 

 the feet. e.g. Man (homo). 



Edinburgh : Printed by E. & S. Livinostone, 4 Melbourne Place. 



