130 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 



Perennial; asci cylindric, or club-shaped, 30-40 x 8-10 n, 

 appearing to have basal rhizoids; spores 8, globose. 



T. communis (Sad.) Gies.* Perennial in branches; sporing on 

 immature fruits; asci clavate, 24-45 x 6-10 ai; spores 8, elliptic, 

 5 X 3-4 n, often producing conidia. 



On Prunus americana, P. maritima, P. nigra, and P. pimiila, in 

 North America. 



T. institiae (Sad.) Job. Forming witches brooms on Prunus 

 institia, P. domestica, and P. pennsylvanica in Europe and 

 America.* 



Perennial; sporing on the under side of the leaf; asci clavate to 

 cylindric, 25-30 x 8-10 n; spores 8, not rarely producing conidia, 

 globose, 3.5 ju. 



T. decipiens (Atk.) Gies. On Prunus americana in North 

 America.* 



Perennial; sporing on under surfaces of leaves; asci irregularly 

 clavate, often almost cylindric, 20-40 x 10 /i; spores breaking up 

 into conidia. 



T. bullata (Fcl.) Tul. On pear and Japanese quince. 



Annual; asci clavate, 36-40 x 8-9 n; spores 8, often forming 

 conidia, globose, about 5 y.. 



T. farlowii (Sad.) Gies.* is found on Prunus serotina in America; 

 T. minor Sad. on leaves of Prunus chamaecerasus and P. cerasus, 

 in Germany and England. It has recently caused considerable 

 damage in South England. 



T. bassei Fab. causes witches broom of cacao in Kamerun. 



T. rostrupiana (Sad.) Gies. is on Prunus spinosa; 



T. cratsegi (Fcl.) Sad. on Crataegus oxycantha. 



T. maculans Butler is reported on Tumeric and Zinzibar by 

 Butler.-** T. theobromse Eitzema Bos. is reported as injurious to 

 the cacao tree. 



Many other species of Taphrina of minor importance occur upon 

 alder, poplar (Populus), Carpinus, birch, eUn, maple, hawthorn, 

 oak and numerous other hosts. 



HelveUales (p. 123) 



Ascoma fleshy, separable into a definite hymenium of asci and 

 paraphyses and a stroma which is usually large and stalk-like; 



