202 THE FUNGI WHXH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 



The majority of economic species belong to the first subgenus. 



Eunectria (p. 201) 



N. cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. 



Stroma erumpent, tubercular, at first pinkish or yellowish-red, 

 darker with age, 1-2 mm. high and broad; perithecia almost glo- 

 bose, the ostiole rather prominent, becoming slightly collapsed, at 

 first bright cinnabar-red, darker with age, granular, 375-400 fi 

 in diameter; asci clavate, 50-90 x 7-12 n; spores mostly 2-seriate, 



elliptic elongate, ends obtuse, 

 slightly curved, 12-20 x 4r-6 /x; 

 paraphyses delicate. 



Tubercularia vulgaris borne on 

 the stroma is the conidial stage. 

 Conidiophores aggregated into tu- 

 bercular masses each 50-100 it long; 

 conidia on short lateral branches, 

 elliptic, hyaline, 4-6 x 2 /t. 



The closely septate delicate 

 hyphae grow rapidly through the 

 wood or bark, penetrating nearly 



Fig. 14a. — N. cinnabarina, perithe- every ccU and turning the wood 



cia in stroma, ascospores issuing in -i , i j n a* j. r x 



cirri; germinating spores. After black and Coliectmg to lorm Stro- 



^"^e- mata on or in the bark. These 



stromata in fall or spring break through the epidermis and produce 

 warty, gray to pink, excrescences, which at first bear profuse 

 conidia both terminally and laterally on short stalks and later 

 dark-red ascigerous structures; though the latter are much less 

 common and are often absent. The fimgus is said to be unable to 

 affect living cambium and cortex. 



It is foimd saprophytically on many decayed woody plants that 

 have been frost killed, and parasitically on pear, Tilia, .^culus, 

 China berry, Betula, Ribes, Acer, Carya, Morus, Prunus, Quercus, 

 Ulmus, etc. Mayer ^^ germinated spores on a cut branch; the 

 myceUum spread to and killed the main stem; tubercles appeared 

 and during the following year perithecia developed on these 

 tubercles. In America the species has attracted attention on the 

 currant '^'' '^ in which host the mycelium invades chiefly the 



