320 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 



On violets. In America it has been reported in Canada, Min- 

 nesota and Utah. 



U. anemones (Pers.) Wint.^^ occurs on various species of Ranun- 

 culacese in both the old and new worid. 



U. agropyri (Preu.) Schr.' 



Sori in various parts, commonly in leaves, forming striae, which 

 may be distinct or cover the surface of the leaf; at first lead-colored 

 and protected by the epidermis but soon rupturing and scatter- 

 ing the reddish-brown spores; spore-balls oblong to subspherical, 

 16-32 M in length; sterile cells hyaline to yellowish, oblong to 

 subspherical, usually completely covering the fertile cells, outer 

 wall thin and by collapsing giving a ridged effect to the covering; 

 spores 1 or 2, rarely 3 or 4 in a ball, reddish-brown, oblong to sub- 

 spherical, often flattened, smooth, 11-18 /x in length. 



On Agropyron and some other coarse grasses throughout the 

 United States and Europe. 



U. colchici (Schl.) Rab.^'" On various species of Liliaceae but 

 not on hosts of economic importance in America. 



U. italica Speg. probably not a true smut, is injurious to 

 acorns, chestnuts and the seeds of the white fir.^ 



Species of less importance or non- American are: 



U. gladioli (Req.) Sm. on Gladiolus; 



U. omithogali Kom. on Omithogalum; 



U. kemetiana Mag. in pansy ovaries; 



U. primulicola Mag. on primrose flowers. 



Entyloma De Bary ^^^- "^ (p. 314) 



Sori usually foliar, generally forming discolored but not distorted 

 areas, permanently embedded in the tissues; spores single, pro- 

 duced terminally or intercalary in the mycelium which does not 

 entirely disappear through gelatinization, free (sometimes irregu- 

 larly adhering through pressure), hyaline to yellowish or reddish- 

 yellow, rarely dark-colored, germination by a short promycelium 

 bearing a terminal group of sporidia which usually conjugate in 

 pairs and produce secondary sporidia or infection-threads; sporidia 

 often formed by germination of the spores in situ, the promycelium 

 protruding through the stomata. 



Twenty American species are recorded. 



