THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 357 



thickened, bluntly conical, closely echinulate, brown, 20-35 x 

 12-16 fx, mixed with numerous capitate brownish paraphyses. 



III. Telia pulverulent, dark-brown, almost black. Spores con- 

 sisting of two spherical cells, flattened at their point of union, 

 the lower cell often being smaller and paler. Epispore uniformly 



Fig. 258. — T. puuctata, urediniospores. After Holway. 



thick, chestnut-brown, thickly studded with short stout spines. 

 Spores 30-45 x 17-25 m- Pedicels short, colorless. 



Heteroecious : and I on Hepatica and Anemone. 



II and III on Prunus sps., peach, almond, plum, cherry, apri- 

 cot. 



Widely distributed in North America, Europe and Asia and 

 apparently introduced into Australia about 1883. The acial stage 

 is perennial. Uredinio.■^pores have also been sho\^Ti to remain viable 

 over winter. The peculiar character of the urediniospores has 

 sometimes led this fungus to be mistaken for a Uromyces. 



In 1904, Tranzschel "^^ made cultures of the aecial stage from 

 Anemone on various Prunaceous hosts. Arthur made similar 

 inoculation from Hepatica in 1906. 



