CONTENTS xiii 



CHAPTER PAGE 



Way — How the Wound Heals — Limb Must Not 

 Split — First Method of Removing Limb — Second 

 Method of Removing Limb — The Rule to Fol- 

 low — Healing of Scar — A Dressing must be Ap- 

 plied — Training to Artificial Forms — Keeping 

 Crown Within Limits — Heading Back Old Trees 

 — When to Prune — Pruning Tools — Hints to 

 Tree-Climbers. 



Vn. Injuries to Shade-Trees and How to Protect 



Them 136 



Poor Soil. Roots Lack Air and Water. Salt 

 Water. Dust, Smoke, and. Injurious Gases in 

 the Air. Oiling of Roads. Illuminating Gas. 

 Symptoms of Gas-Poisoning — How to Detect 

 Leaks — Laying of Gas-Mains — Damages for 

 Trees Killed. Overhead Wires. Escaping Elec- 

 trical Currents — How to Protect Branches — 

 Damages for Injuries. Street Improvements. 

 Opening New Streets — Changing Grade. Build- 

 ing Operations. Mutilations by Horses. Trees 

 Must Have Guards. 



VIII. Injurious Insects, Fungous and Other Diseases . 159 



Treatment of Trees for Insect Pests. Leaf-Eating 

 Insects. Tussock Moth — Gipsy Moth — Brown 

 Tail Moth— Fall Webworm— Bag Worm— Elm- 

 Leaf Beetle. Sucking Insects. Cottony Maple 

 Scale — Woolly Maple Scale — San Jose Scale — 

 Scurfy Scale — Oyster-Shell Scale — Plant Lice. 

 Borers. Leopard Moth — Sugar Maple Borer — 

 Maple Tree Sesiid — Bark Borers. Fungous Dis- 

 eases. Wood-Destroying Fungi. False-Tinder 

 Fungus — Sulfur Polyporus — Heart-Rot of 

 Sugar Maple. Sap-Rots of Trees. Common 

 Bracket Fungus. Root-Rots. Canker. Leaf 



