100 



SHADE-TREES IN TOWNS AND CITIES 



growing trees, and in a short time are no longer serviceable. 

 There is nothing better for the welfare of trees than the 

 planting of them in such a way as to make it possible to 

 loosen the soil around the roots and water them from the 



A B 









%J,-,,^j,^^,i,^.J,^^,l^-^^,l.^lJ.lJ^TT^ 



Fig. 16. — Sectional view and plan of subirrigation device of 3-inch perforated 

 agricultural tile. A, Perforated tile. B, Layer of broken stone. C, Branch 

 pipe and cap. 



surface. If grills are used, they can be removed from time to 

 time, the soil loosened, and then the watering done through 

 the grills. 



DRAINAGE OF SUBSOIL 



What is absolutely essential to the welfare of a tree is 

 proper subsoil drainage. It does not matter how good the 

 soil may be, or how much care has been exercised in the 



