GENERAL SUEGEKY 5, 



Describe incised wounds. 



. Cause— Sharp cutting instmment, as surgeon's knife^ 

 glass, pieces of tin, sabre. 



Characteristics — Straight, oblong shape, gape widely, as a. 

 rule bleed freely, clean cut edge ; according to depth, they 

 are tendinous, muscular, bony or skin -wounds. 



Prognosis— Favorable in skin wounds, otherwise the 

 question of economy, the amount and kind of tissue des-^ 

 troyed, must be decisive. 



Describe punctured wounds. 



Causes — Pointed instruments, as dung forks, nails,. 

 needles, harrow teeth, splinters, bayonet, trocar, hypodermic- 

 needle. 



Characteristics — Small roundish opening, leading into a, 

 canal of more or less depth, with limited hemorrhage unless- 

 a larger vessel has been pierced ; they may be perforating 

 and communicate with a joint, tendon sheath, abdominal or 

 thoracic cavity, etc. 



Prognosis — Surgically clean instrument, even when caus- 

 ing a perforating wound, entitles to a favorable prognosis, 

 while the introduction of septic material, as by manure forks, 

 nails, etc., may lead to fatal complications. Punctured, 

 wounds of the hoof may be followed by tetanus, while this, 

 form of injury of the softer tissues may in turn produce- 

 septic cellulitis, septicaemia, pyseniia, etc. 



Describe lacerated wounds. 



Causes — Tearing of tissues by nails, hooks, caulks, etc. 



Characteristics— Slight hemorrhage, moderate gaping r 

 edges may be smooth or lacerated ; frequently a flap wound 

 and then usually an angular tear. 



