'212 PRINCIPLES .OP TETEKINAEY SUHGEBT 



-days, but when the retaining ligamentous apparatus is lacer- 

 ated a periarthritis develops in a few hours. These cases 

 require four to six weeks for recovery. Whenever the liga- 

 ment is actually torn the synovial membrane is seriously 

 injured and possibly the bone, when there is a considerable 

 "hemorrhage into the joint cavity, the chances for a complete 

 recovery are very slim, as a marked periarthritis may lead to 

 the formation of a periarticular ringbone, or the seriously 

 injured synovial membrane and joint become chronically dis- 

 eased, exhibiting a chronic serous arthritis ; even an arthritis 

 deformans may be the result. Septic complications are not 

 excluded, as the skin may have been injured at the time the 

 animal fell or stumbled. The above shows that in all distor- 

 tions accompanied with severe and persistent lameness the 

 prognosis must be a guarded one. 



•Outline the treatment of distortions. 



The first point is rest. When the season and conditions 

 -of the barn permit it, cold water applications with firm band- 

 aging of the sprained joint is indicated the first day. From 

 the second day on, moist heat and compression of the joint 

 follow. Where this line of treatment is impossible, a blister 

 is applied or combined with the actual cautery. In some 

 instances, where all these means fail, neurectomy may be 

 practiced. 



Contusion, of a Joint. 



What do you understand by a contusion of a joint ? 



It is a bruising, a subcutaneous injury of the tissues sur- 

 Tounding and composing a joint. 



What are the causes of such contusions ? 



Blows, pressure, etc., either act directly upon a joint or a 



