DISEASES OE GLANDS 281 



involve a whole quarter. In th.ose cases with decided hyper- 

 plasia of the connective tissue, the udder appears enlarged • 

 in other words, it is an example of pseudo-hypertrophy— 

 atrophy of the glandular tissue proper and hyperplasia of the 

 connective tissue. An udder having undergone pseudo- 

 iypertrophy is vulgarly termed a fleshy udder. Depending 

 on the amount of glandular tissue destroyed, the functional 

 activity of the part involved is either decreased or ceases 

 entirely. In mild infections, the induration— that is, the con- 

 nective tissue proliferation— may be confined to the lactifer- 

 ous ducts and reservoir ; in fact, a catarrhal mammitis pre- 

 vails. In such cases, the lactiferous ducts and sinus have a 

 firm, knotty, pencil-like feel, giving rise to a condition com- 

 monly termed hard milkers. 



4. Gangrene. Serious circulatory disturbances, the result 

 ■of an inflammation produced by very virulent infectious 

 material or a diffused purulent state of the connective tissue 

 surrounding the gland, may produce thrombosis of the mam- 

 mary vessels and thus death of the gland. Sequestration of 

 tie necrotic piece, depending on the size, takes place in one to 

 eight weeks. Abscesses form here and there, and through, 

 them the gangrenous material is discharged. 



What are the complications of mammitis ? 



Metastatic arthritis usually of the fetlock and stifle joints, 

 pyemia and septicopyeniia. 



How does pa/renchym,atous m,ammitis originate ? 



It is either of galactogenous or hematogenous origin. 



How does it terminate ? 



(1) By resolution. When this fails to take place, by (3> 

 pseudo-hypertrophy or (3) atrophy. When the infection is 



