284 PRINCIPLES OF VETEBINAKT SURGERY 



disturbances as to give rise to gangrene of a quarter. In pur^ 

 ■ulent mastitis the same may take place, but the necrotic pro- 

 cess is more likely to be circumscribed instead of diffused. In, 

 sheep a very fatal gangrenous mammitis is due to the micro- 

 coccus mastidis gangrenosse. 



Which clinical features entitle to the diagnosis of tubercular^ 

 actinomycotic and hotryomycotic mammitis f 



1. Tubercular mammitis : It is either of hematogenous or 

 galactogenous origin ; is a chronic mastitis ; as a rule, th© 

 hindquarter is diseased, but the pathological process may by 

 and by involve other quarters. When the hindquarter is 

 tuberculous the supramammary lymph glands are enlarged 

 and hard, the quarter itself shows at first a diffused firm swell- 

 ing which gets harder and harder, which usually is painless. 

 In this swelling develop presently nodules of variable size,, 

 being often of stony hardness; the glandular tissue adjacent to- 

 these nodules atrophies, causing these deeply located nodulea 

 to become quite prominent. The quantity and quality of tha 

 milk is apparently quite normal for some time (in whick 

 respect it differs materially from other chronic forms of baas- 

 titis), and for a month looks like healthy milk; from this time 

 on (exceptions, of course, exist), it becomes watery, until' 

 finally it becomes a turbid, yellow, watery fluid containing, 

 tubercle bacilli. This condition, .after existing two to four- 

 months, terminates in death. 



3. Actinomycotic mammitis : Seen in the sow and cow^ 

 Most likely of galactogenous origin. The actinomycotic pro- 

 cess may be localized or may be diffused ; that is, it may b& 

 confined to one quarter or involve the whole udder. When, 

 only one quarter is diseasedj numerous bean to egg sized nod- 

 ules form in the quarter, which represent as many abscessea 



