4° 



heal all green wounds speedily, or any ulcers. This is one of 

 Venus, her herbs, to cure either wounds or what other mischief 

 Mars inflicteth upon the body of man " (Culpepper). Welsh r 

 dust yr arth, bear's ear. Reagha maighe, reagam (O'Reilly). Latin: 

 regula, to rule. Names given for its potency over diseases, "The 

 European healer." 



Conium maculatum — Hemlock. Gaelic : minmheur (Shaw) — 

 smooth or small fingered, or branched; in reference to its foliage ;. 

 mongach mheur, and muimnheur — mong and muing, a mane, from 

 its smooth, glossy, pinnatifid leaves. Minbharr, soft- topped or 

 soft-foliaged. Iteodha, iteotha — ite, feathers, plumage. The 

 appearance of the foliage has evidently suggested these names, 

 and not the qualities of the plant, although it is looked upon still 

 with much antipathy. 



' ' Is coslach e measg chaich 

 Ri iteodha an garadh." — Macintyre. 

 Among other people he is like a hemlock in a garden. 



" Mar so tha breitheanas a' fas a nlos, mar an iteotha ann claisibh na mach- 

 rach." — Hos. *. 4. 



Thus judgment springeth up like a hemlock in the furrows of the field. 



Welsh: gwin dillad, pain-killer. Manx: aghue. 



" Ta'n aghue veg shuyr da'n aghue vooar." — Manx Proverb. 

 The little hemlock is sister to the big hemlock. 

 (A small sin is akin to the great one). 



Cicuta virosi — Water-hemlock. "The hemlock given to- 

 prisoners as poison" (Pliny); and that with which Socrates was- 

 poisoned. Gaelic and Irish : fealla bog, the soft deceiver ; feall, 

 treason, falsehood ; and feallair (feall fhear), a deceiver — from 

 the same root (Latin, /alio, to deceive). Welsh : cegid. Latin : 

 cicuta. 



Smyrnium olusatrum — Alexanders. Gaelic : lus nan gran 

 dubh, the plant with black seeds — on account of its large black 

 seeds. From its blackness, the name olusatrum (Latin: olus, a 

 vegetable, and ater, black). "'Alexanders,' because it was sup- 

 posed to have been brought from Alexandria" (Ray). Irish r 

 Ailistrin (Threl). Welsh : dulys, the black plant. It does not 

 grow further north than Stirling in Scotland, but is frequent in 

 Ireland, and was formerly cultivated as a pot herb. Manx ~ 

 Ollyssyn (Cregan). Alexanders. 



Apium (from Latin apis, a bee— bee herb, parsley, celery. 



