66 



OEGANOGEAPHY AND GLOSSOLOGY. 



fig. 297). It is inferior {ov. inferum) when, instead of being placed above the level 

 of the androecium, corolla and calyx, it is (apparently) below them, although still 



3. Gooseberry. 

 Ovaiy cut 

 transversely (mag.). 



0. Lychnis. 

 Pistil cut vertically. 



381. Myrtle. 

 Flower cut vertically. 



382. Saxifrage. 

 Pistil and calyx cut 

 vertically (mag.). 



384. Mignonette. 



OvaTj cut 



transversely (mag.). 



retaining its central position [Myrtle, fig. 381). Most modern botanists explain this 

 latter an-angement by assuming that the ovary is consolidated with the calyx-tube; 

 — a theory which prevailed during the first half of the present century, and the 

 expressions ' ovary adhering to the calyx ' and ' calyx adhering to the ovary ' have 

 been employed in all Floras and descriptive works. But a closer study of the 

 development of organs has shown that the so-called adherent calyx-tube is in reality 

 a cup-shaped expansion of the receptacle, which has enveloped the ovary, and that 

 the calyx only commences at the same point as the stamens and petals. Hence, 

 what has hitherto been called an adherent calyx-tube, ought to be called a recep- 

 tacular tube or cup. We shall return to this question when speaking of the Torus. 



The ovary is said to be half-inferior {ov. semi-inferum) or half-adherent {ov. 

 semi-adhwrens), when it does not wholly adhere to the receptaeular tube {Saxifrage, 

 fig. 382). 



In the compound ovary (whether free or inferior) the partial ovaries may be 

 variously united: — 1, the edges touch {Gooseberry, &g. 383; Mignonette, fig. 384; 



386. Orchis. 



Ovary cut 



transvei-sely (mag.). 



386. Cactus. 



Ovary cut 



transversely (mag.). 



387. Bl-ythrtea. 



Ovary cut 



transversely (mag.). 



389. Tulip. 



Ovary 



cut transversely. 



388. Poppy. 

 Ovary cut transversely. 



Orchis, fig. 385 ; Cactus, fig. 386), when their union is marked by two contiguous 

 placentas belonging to two different carpels ; the placentas are then said to be 

 parietal {pi. parietales), and the compound ovary is one-celled {ov. uniloculare) ; 

 2, they are folded inwards so as to form vertical partitions, each composed of two 

 confluent plates called septa {septa, dissepimenta) , belonging to different carpels • 

 these septa are incomplete if they do not reach the axis of the flower, so as to unite,; 



