194 IV- MAGNOLIACE^. 



fllicium, Taxmannia, 



llUc'mm. Seed witt crnBtaceous testa, Tasmannia. Cajyx and pistil cut 



Fruit. OTt vertically (mag.). Tlower (mag.). vertically. 



nolia, Mickelia, Manglietia, Illicium), or indetiscent and fleshy (Drimys), or woody and 

 breaking transversely at the base {Talauma), or a samara (Liriodendron) . Seeds 

 sessile or funicled, often suspended outside the pericarp {Magnolia} ; testa fleshy 

 [Magnolia) or crustaceous (Illicium). Embeto minute, straight, at the base of a 

 fleshy copious albumen ; radicle and cotyledons very short. 



Tribe I. MACtNOLiEJE, B.C. — Mowers g . Carpels imbricate, many-seriate, in a 

 head or spike. — Stipules enveloping the leaves. 



PEINCIFAL (JENEEA. 

 Talaama. Magnolia. Liriodendron. Michelia. 



Tribe II. iLLiciBiE, D.C. — Mowers ? or polygamous. Carpels whorled and 

 1-seriate, or solitary. — Leaves minutely pellucidly dotted, exstipulate. 



PEIKCIPAL GESEEA. 

 Drimys. Illicium. Tasmannia. 



Tribe III. TB0CH0DE]<f dee^,' Benth. et Hook. fil. — Sepals and petals 0. Mowers 

 polygamc-dicecious. Carpels whorled, 1-seriate. 



6ENEEA. 

 Trochodendron. Euptelea. Cercidiphyllum. 



MagnoliaoetB, -which are very near Schimmtrece, AnmiaceuB and Myriaticeai (see these families), are 

 equally connected with Dilleniacets, hy their hypogynism, seBtivation, polyandry, adnate anthers, free 

 ovaries, anatropous ovules, capsular fruit, albuminous seed, straight minute basilar embryo, woody stem 

 and alternate leaves. DUleniacem differ only in the quinary flowers, the often unilateral and polyadelphous 

 stamens, the erect or ascending ovules, and the arillate seed. Magnoliaceee also approach SanuncukceeB, 

 through Ditteniacees ; but are easily distinguished by their habit. Magnoliece are chiefly North American ; 

 they are also numerous in subtropical Asia, .Japan and India. IlKciece are scattered over America, Eastern 

 Asia, Australia, New Zealand, and the Moluccas. 



The properties of MagmUacets resemble those oiAnonacecs, but their leaves and bark are more intensely 

 bitter, owing to extractive resinous principles. The pericarps and seeds contain a fixed oil, with an ofteii 

 acrid aroma. The fi-uits are rarely eatable, but many are tonic and stimulant, and are sometimes used as 

 condiments. Michelia Champaca is cultivated throughout tropical Asia, on account of its sweet-scented 



' This tribe, which embraces three species of very contains two species, one Assamese, the other Japanese 

 anomalous structure, has been added to Moffnoliacecs Trochodendron one, and Cerciiiphylhim two, all from 

 by Bentham and Hooker fil. (Gen. PI. i. 964). Euptelea Japan. — Ed. 



