386 LXXVI. ROSACEA. 



CHRYSOBALANEJE, Benth. et Hooh.fil. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves simple, quite entire. Flowers asymmetrical. Calyx ebrac- 

 teolate ; lobes usually deciduous. Stamens unilateral, or in a complete whorl. Carpel 1 ; 

 style basilar ; OTules 2, ascending. Fruit coriaceous or drupaceous, not included in the calyx- 

 tube (receptacular cup). Radicle inferior. 



PRINCIPAL GENERA. 



Chrysobalnnus. Licania. Moquilea. Parinarium. 



Parastemon. Couepia. Lecosteirion. Slylobasium. 



QVILLAJEJE, Benth. et Eooh. fil. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves simple, coriaceous, rarely pinnate. Calyx ebraeteolate ; lobes 

 usually persistent. Stamens 5-10-20. Carpels free or connate ; ovules one or more, ascending 

 or pendulous. Fruit of 6 cocci or follicles, or a capsule, not included in the calyx-tube 

 (receptacular cup), inferior and indehiscent in Fterostemon. Seeds usually broadly winged. 



PRINCIPAL GENERA. 

 Quillaja. Kagenackia. Lindleya. Eucryphia. Ed.] 



Each of the tribes composing the entire group of RosaeecB may be considered as a separate family. 

 Amygdale<s approach Chrysohalanece ' in their 5-merous calyx and corolla, the insertion and number of the 

 stamens, the drupaceous fruit, the exnlbuminous embryo, the woody stem, and the alternate simple 

 stipulate leaves ; Chrysohalanem differ in their eglandular petiole, the [usually] inequilateral calyx, 

 unequal stamens smaller and often sterile on the side on which the calyx is least developed, erect 

 seed, and the absence of hydrocyanic acid. Itosacets, as a whole, strongly resemble Legmninosa; in habit, 

 in the alternate stipulate often pinnate leaves, sometimes preciselj' like those of some Papilionaceee 

 {Osteomeles, Hm-helid). Amygdalecs especially are closely allied to Leguminoia: by their axillary inflores- 

 cence, 6-merous calyx, imbricate corolla, solitary carpel, and glandular petioles resembling those of Mimosem, 

 like which order they further secrete gum. The leguminous Painltonacees scarcely differ save in the irregular 

 corolla, definite stamens, and [often] connate filaments ; but in some genera of Leguminosa the flowers 

 are regular or sub-regular {Iliematoxylon, Labiehea, Bauhinia, &c.), the filaments are free (Ceesa^inia, 

 Cassia, Oymnocladus, Oleditschia, Hyiiwnaia, &c.), and, as an additional afiinity, the fruit is sometimes a 

 drupe (Detarium). Hence the only absolute distinctive character between these orders is in the calyx, 

 of which the odd sepal is anterior in Leguminosts, and next the axis in Hosacees (see the diagrams). 



RosaeecB are connected with Saxifragea by Spirceacecs, and particularly by the genus Neviuda, the 

 seed of which is albuminous [as in various other genera, as Neillia, Eucryphia, &c.]. They approach 

 Cephalotete through Dryadece (see these families). Ad. Brongniart has noticed an incontrovertible 

 affinity between PomacecB and Cupuliferce — woody stem rich in tannin, alternate stipulate leaves, inferior 

 ovary with many two-ovuled cells, anatropous ovules, exalbuminous embryo ; the diagnosis almost 

 entirely rests on the absence of petals and on the ovules, which in Cupvliferce are pendulous. Finally, an 

 analogy has been indicated by E. Brown between Amygdalea and ThymeleeB, founded on the insertion of 

 the staniens, the monocarpellary pistil, oblique 1-celled one-ovuled ovary, pendulous ovule, subterminal 

 style, drupaceous fruit, and exalbuminous embryo with fleshy cotyledons; but Thymelea differ in the 



' Omitted in the original. Regarded as a tribe of Eosaeeen by Bentham and Hooker fil., and as such inserted 

 above. — Ed. 



