470 CXIII. UMBELLIFEEJ5. 



Bunkim Bulbo-oastanum (Eai-th-mit). A tuberoKS globose starchy edible rootstock. 



Pimpiiiella Anisuin (Anise or Aniseed). The fruit contains an aromatic volatile and a fixed oil; it is 

 of a piquant and sweetish taste, and is much employed by confectioners ajid dealers in liqueurs ; recom- 

 mended as a carminative, diuretic, diaphoretic, and even expectorant. 



8iu7n Sisai-um and 8. Ninsi (Water Parsnip, Skirrets). Natives of China and Japan, rarely cultivated 

 in Europe. They have a sv^eet root with an agreeable aroma, considered to be an excitant. 



(Enanthe crocata (Meadow Saffron). A plant growing by river-sides. Koot composed of oblong 

 fascicled tubercles, of a mild taste, containing a milky juice turning yellow when exposed to the air, 

 and eminently poisonous. 



^thusa Cynapmm (Lesser Hemlock, Fool's Parsley). A very poisonous plant with a nearly 

 glaucous stem striped with reddish lines, with finely-cut dark green leaves with a disagreeable and 

 suspicious scent when bruised. It grows in all cultivated places, where it is often mistaken for Parsley, 

 which differs from it, besides the characters of the fruit, 1st, in its bright clear green foliage with 

 rather large divisions, the teeth of which are terminated by a little white spot, and which have a fresh 

 aromatic smell ; 2nd, in the stem, which is neither glaucous nor marked below with reddish lines. 



Phellandrium aquaticum. A poisonous plant; the aromatic fruit is employed in medicine as an 

 antiphthisic and antidysenteric. 



Famiculuni milgare (Fennel). Fruit aromatic, stimulant, stomachic. Boot and leaves aromatic, 

 used in medicine, the one as nutritive, the other as stimulating. 



Crithinmn maritimum (Samphire). Juice a vermifuge; leaves aromatic, used as a condiment [and for 

 pickling]. 



Levisticum officinale (Lovage, Mountain Hemlock). Roots and fruits with an agreeable smell, 

 slightly ^Suiulant and diuretic. 



Angelica Arehangelica (Angelica). Koot a tonic. Fruit a stimulant and stomachic. Leaves vulne-' 

 rary. Young stems preserved [in sugar] and eaten. 



Imperatoria Ostruihium (Master- wort). Root bitter, ai'omatic and stimulating. 



Peucedimum officinale (Sulphur- wort). Root containing a yellow fcetid juice, formerly employed 

 against hj-sterics ; an aperient and beehic. 



Anethum graveolens (Bastard Fennel). Fruit exciting, tonic, carminative, employed in dyspepsia. 



Pastinaca oleracea (Parsnip). An alimentary and stimulating root. 



Heracleum Spcmdylimn (Cow-Parsnip). Root acrid and bitter. Stem sugary, with a fermentable 

 juice, which in the north yields a very intoxicating liquor. 



Cumimtm Cyminum (Cumin). An Egyptian and Asiatic plant. Fruit' aromatic, of a bitter and 

 liot taste, used as a stimulating medicine. 



Thapsia villoma (Deadly Carrot). A Mediterranean plant. Root purgative. 



Vaucus Cflrorri' (Common Carrot). A sugary edible root ; its juice is administered as an analeptic. 

 Flowers very aromatic ; infused in alcohol they produce the liqueur called Oil of Venus. 



Myrrhis odorata (Sweet Cicely). An aromatic plant, used for flavouring. 



Conium maculatum (Hemlock). A poisonous plant, employed in cases of enlargement of the glands 

 and viscera. 



Anthriscus Cei-<folium (Chervil). Cultivated in kitchen gardens, of an agreeable scent and perfumed 

 taste, without acridity or bitterness. 



Smyrnium Oteain/ni (Alexanders). Formerly esteemed as a vegetable ; leaves very aromatic; root 

 diuretic. 



Coiiandrum sativum (Coriander). Fruit fcetid, with the odour of bugs, becoming aromatic when dry ; 

 used as a stimulating and stomachic medicine. 



Hydrocotyle asiaiica. Prescribed in India against leprosy. 



Arracacha esc-wlenta is an Umbellifer cultivated on the high table-lands of the Andes ; its tubevcled 

 roots furnish an agreeable and digestible food. 



The gum-resins of some exotic Umbellifers are used in medicine ; the most important is- the Asa- 

 foBiida [Devil's Dung, Narthex Asafa.tida'], which is procured from a Persian [West Tibetan] plant 

 belonging to a ge.uis near Ferula. This substance diffuses a very foetid smell,' and its taste is acrid and 

 bitter. The Persians praise it as a delicious condiment ; it is recommended by European doctors as the 



