CXXII. COMPOSITE. 



495 



their inflorescence, in the epigynous staminiferous tubular corolla, one-celled ovary, solitary pendulous 

 ovule, and albuminous seed ; but the opposite leaves, imbricate sestivation, and free anthers render 

 thfe identification easy. 



Brongniart has placed Dipsacecs and CaprifoKacece in the same class ; their analogies are founded on 

 their epigynous corolla, sestivation, pendulous and anatropous ovule, axile embryo in a fleshy albumen, and 

 opposite leaves ; but the inflorescence, 1-celled ovary, solitary ovule, and apical placentation form a promi- 

 nent line of demarcation. 



Dipsace<s inhabit temperate and hot regions of the Old World and of Africa situated beyond the 

 tropics. The rhizome and leaves of some Dipsaeece are medicinal, containing a bitter-sweet slightly astrin- 

 gent principle. Scabious is administered as a depurative in cutaneous disorders. The roots of the Teasel 

 (I>ipsaeus sylvestris) are diuretic and sudorific; its leaves and root were formerly considered to be a 

 remedy for hydrophobia. The capitula of Dipsaeus fullonum, a species of which the origin is unknown, 

 are furnished with recurved hard and elastic bracts, which have led to their employment by clothiers 

 for carding woollen and cotton fabrics ; hence its vulgar name of Fuller's Teasel, 



CXXII. COMPOSITM 



(Composite, Vaillant. — Stnanther^, L,--G, Richard.) 



L.c... 



Dandelion, 

 TJnexpanded head, fur- 

 nished with a calyculns 

 of accessory bracts, 2- 

 seriate and reflexed. 



Dandelion. 

 Capilulitm (llguliforal). 



Dandelion. 

 5J floret with ligulato 

 corolla, and calyx 

 forming a tuft of 

 simple hairs, shortly 

 stipitate ■when young 

 (mag.). 



Dandelion, 

 Young carpel opened (mag.)» 

 showing the ovule with the two 

 cords of the conducting tissue, 

 C p ; Car, oTary ; L c, caJyx ; 

 D e, ep^ynous disk ; R, raphe ; 

 Ch, chalaza ; K, micropyle. 



Dandelion . 



Common receptacle 



and fruits. 



Dandelion. 

 Fruit in a simple tuft, long 

 stipitate when ripe (mag.). 



