COHOETS AND OEDERS. (BY THE EDITOR.) 



1019 



SUB-DIVISION II, Ovary syncarpous (rarely apocarpous in some Palmce). 



Cohort IX. Palmales. -Flowers unisexual, in a simple or branched spadix, enclosed 

 or not in a spathe. Perianth of distinct 2-seriate coriaceous segments, green, rarely coloured, 

 or 0. Fruit a 1- rarely 2-8eeded drupe or berry. Seed albuminous.— Shrubs or trees, with 

 flabellate or pinnately divided, rarely simple leaves. 



23. Pajmm. Flowers usually diclinous 

 on a branched spadix. Perianth of 6 her- 

 baceous 2-seriate segments. Stamens 6, 

 rarely more or fewer, hypogynous or perigy- 

 nous. Ovary 3- rarely 1-celled, or of 3 

 separate cai-pels; styles short, free or connate ; 

 cells 1- rarely 2-ovuled. Fruit various, 

 1-3-celled. Seeds large; embryo minute, 

 sunk in a pit of the fleshy or homy albumen. 

 — Trees or shrubs ..... 



24. PHTTELEPHASiEa;. Flowers moncB- 

 cious or polygamo-dioecious, on a simple 

 chib-shaped spadix. Perianth-segments 2- 

 seriate, unequal. Stamens (x>, inserted at 



811 



the base of the perianth. Ovary 1-oelled and 

 1-ovuled, or 4-celled and 4-ovuled; style 

 3-6-fid ; ovule basal, anatropous. Fruit a 

 mm-icated syncarpous or coriaceous berry. 

 Seed large. Albumen like ivory. — Dwarf 

 Palm-like plants; leaves pinnate . . 821 



2-5. NiPACBA Flowers monoecious, ^ in 

 cylindric catkins, g capitate. Perianth ^ 

 of 6 2-8eriate segments, J 0. Stamens 3, 

 iilaments connate ; anthers extrorse. Carpels 

 3, obliquely truncate ; stigmas sessile, ex- 

 centric ; ovule 1, ascending. Fruit an aggre- 

 gation of dry iibrous coriaceous drupes. Seed 

 large, furrowed ; albumen cartilaginous . 821 



830 



Cohort X. Afales. — Flowers g or unisexual, arranged in a spadix or spike, with 

 or without a spathe, or sunk in pits of a minute scale-like frond. Perianth of distinct 

 pieces, white or green, or of minute scales, or 0. Fruit a drupe or berry with one, few, or 

 many small or minute albuminous seeds. — Herbs, often gigantic, rarely trees ; leaves 

 simple or pinnatifid, very rarely pinnately divided. 



26. Pandanejs. Flowers dioecious, in ob- 

 long or globose spadices. Perianth 0. Sta- 

 mens numerous, crowded. Ovaries numerous, 

 1 -celled ; stigmas sessile ; ovules 1 or 3. 

 Fruit a head of fibrous 1-seeded drupes. 

 Seed small; albumen fleshy. — Trees or 

 shrubs ; leaves simple, narrow, margins and 

 keel spinous ...... 822 



27. TrPHACEjE. Flowers monoecious, in 

 simple or branched heads or catkins. Pe- 

 rianth or of slender scales or bristles. 

 Stamens crowded ; anthers basifixed. Ovaries 

 crowded, sessile or stalked, 1-celled; style 

 slender ; stigma unilateral ; ovule 1, pendu- 

 lous, anatropous. Fruit dry or drupaceous. 



. Albumen floury or fleshy. — Herbs ; leaves 

 narrow, Unear or ligulate, quite entire . 834 



28; Otclanthe^. Flowers diclinous, in 

 oblong or cylindric spadices, Perianth of 

 (J multifid, of ? or of 4 long-tailed seg- 

 ments. Stamens in 4 bundles, opposite the 

 perianth-lobes. Ovary 1-celled; stigmas 4; 

 ovules many, anatropous, on 4 parietal pla^ 

 centas. Fruit syncarpous, berried. Seeds small. 

 Albumen horny.— Large stemless or climbing 

 herbs ; leaves large, entire or 2-5-partite , 827 



29. FKETClNBilEiE, Flowers polygamo- 

 dioecious, in globose or oblong or cylindric 

 spadices, Perianth 0. Stamens oo ; filaments 

 isolated or grouped. Ovaries many, 1-celled; 

 stigmas sessile ; ovules many, anatropous, on 

 parietal placentas. Fruit syncarpous, berried. 

 Seed minute ; albumen fleshy. — Large herbs 

 or trees ; stem erect or climbing ; leaves 

 narrow ; margins and keel spinous 



30. Akoide^. Flowers § or diclinous, 

 in cylindric or oblong spadices. Perianth 0, 

 or of 4^8 scales. Stamens few or many, 

 filaments ■ short or ; anthers extrorse or 

 opening by pores. Ovaries aggregated, 1-4- 

 celled ; style distinct or ; ovules 1 or more, 

 basal or parietal, Berry 1- or more- seeded. 

 Seeds minute ; albumen fleshy or floury, 

 or O.-^Herbs, stemless or with erect or 

 scandent stems; leaves usually large, simple 

 or pinnatifidly divided, usually net-veined 



31. LEitNACEJ3. Flowers t^ . Perianth 0. 

 Stanjens 1-2 ; anther^cells sub-globose. Ovary 

 1-celled ; style terminal j stigma funnel- 

 shaped ; ovules 1 or more. Fruit 1-many- 

 seeded. Seed most minute. Albumen fleshy. 

 -.^Minute floating green scales 



. 831 



839 



