Specific 

 characters. 



18S 



LOBIVANELLTJS. 



The Black-thighed Wattled Lapwing, besides being the only species with black thighs, 

 may be diagnosed by its combination of a black belly and a black forehead. I have never 

 seen the young in first plumage, but probably the characters greater wing-coverts not 

 terminated with white and underparts mostly dark are diagnostic at all ages. 



It is a resident in Java, Sumatra, and Timor. 



It is probably the result of an eastern emigration of some of the ancestors of 

 L. malabaricus. 



*tS* 



LOBIVANELLUS PERSON ATUS, 



GOULD'S WATTLED LAPWING. 



Diagnosis. Lobivanellus halluce parvo : cervice et corpore subtus omnino albis. 



Variations. No local races of this species have been discovered ; and though it appears to be so 

 closely related to L. lobatus, it is not known that intermediate forms occur. 



Synonymy. Vanellus ludovicianus armatus, Brisson, Orn. v. p. 114 (1760). 



Tringa miles, Boddaert, Table PL Enl. no. 835, p. 51 (1783). 



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