VANELLUS. 



219 



neck, as well as the violet-bronze on the wing-coverts, is quite distinct in young in first 

 plumage. In climatic races of birds it often happens that slate-grey is associated with a dry 

 climate, and brown with a wet one. 



It appears to be common near Santiago in Chili, whence many examples were sent by 

 Read ; but Mr. H. B. James informs me that it has not been obtained north of Coquimbo 

 Bay. In Peru its place appears to be taken by V. resplendens. It is essentially a marsh 

 bird, and is seldom seen except near swampy ground. It is found in the Falkland Islands, 

 from which locality there is a specimen in the Leyden Museum. The ' Challenger ' 

 expedition procured it on Elizabeth Island in the Strait of Magellan. 



Geographi- 

 cal distribu- 

 tion. 



* * 

 * 



Subgeneric group Hoplopteri : with no hind toe. 

 f Old- World Species. 



VANELLUS SPINOSUS. 



EGYPTIAN SPUR-WINGED LAPWING. 



Vanellus balluce nullo : calcaribus magnis : pedibus nigris : tectricibus minoribus brurmeis, Diagnosis. 

 majoribus albis. 



No local races of this species are known. 



Variations. 



2f 2 



