PHALAEOPTTS. 

 No local races of this species are known. 



339 



Tringa fulicaria, Linneus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 148 (1758) ; Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 249 (1766). 

 Phalaropus phalaropus, Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 12 (1760, winter plumage). 

 Phalaropus rufescens, Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 20 (1760, summer plumage). 

 Phalaropus lobatus (Linn.), apud Tunstall, Orn. Brit. p. 3 (1771). 

 Phalaropus rufus, Bechstein, Naturg. Deutschl. eel. 2, ir. p. 381 (1809). 

 Phalaropus platyrhynchus, Temminck, Man. a" Orn. p. 459 (1815). 

 Phalaropus griseus, Leach, Syst. Cat. Mamm. S$c. Brit. Mus. p. 34 (1816). 

 Crymophilua rufus (Bechst.), Vieillot, N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. viii. p. 521 (1817). 

 Phalaropus fulicarius (Linn.), Bonap. Comp. List B. Eur. §■ N. Amer. p. 54 (1838). 

 Phalaropus platyrostris, Nordmann, Dimidoff, Voy. Russ. Merid. iii. p. 250 (1840). 

 Phalaropus asiaticus, Hume, Stray Feath. i. p. 246 (1873). 



Variations. 



Synonymy. 



Plates. — Gould, Birds Gt. Brit. iv. pis. 81, 82 j Dresser, Birds of Europe, vii. pi. 538. 

 Habits. — Seebohm, British Birds, iii. p. 85. 

 Eggs. — Seebohm, British Birds, pi. 27. figs. 7, 9. 



Literature. 



The Grey Phalarope in breeding-dress differs entirely from its two allies, the whole of the 

 nnderparts being chestnut like those of the Knot, Curlew Sandpiper, or Bar-tailed Godwit. 

 At all seasons and ages it may be recog- 

 nized by its short wide bill, or by its much 

 graduated tail, the central feathers being 

 generally more than half an inch longer than 

 the outermost. 



The Grey Phalarope may almost be 

 regarded as a circumpolar species, though 

 it is not known to breed on the continent 

 of Europe. Middendorff found it very 

 abundant on the Taimyr Peninsula ; Dr. 

 Bunge describes it as the commonest Sand- 

 piper in tbe delta of the Lena. During the expedition to Alaska in 1881-83 it was found Geogtaphi- 

 abundant at Point Barrow. It has been obtained on the Parry Islands, in Grinnell-Land, t i on> 

 and in Greenland, Iceland, and Spitsbergen. It belongs to the class of gipsy migrants 

 which never wander further from their breeding-grounds than they are compelled by stress 

 of weather. It is a somewhat irregular winter visitor to Europe, and has occurred once in 

 Tangiers. It is not known to pass through Turkestan or South Siberia on migration, but 

 it winters on the Mekran coast and in Scinde. Severtzoff says that it is a rare visitor to 

 the Pamir ; a single example has been recorded from Calcutta, and it has even strayed as 



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