TOTANUS. 



357 



Sweden, and Lapland. In the valleys of the Petchora and the Obb it appears to breed 



from lat. 60° to lat. C6°, which is probably its summer range throughout Siberia, as it only 



passes through Lake Baikal and the valley of the Arnoor on migration, and Middendorff G e0 o- ra phi- 



did not find it on the tundras, but only on the Stanovoi mountains. It passes along the c . al distribu- 



coasts of Europe and Eastern Asia, including those of Great Britain and Japan, on migration, 



as well as along the recognized inland routes, and winters in the basin of the Mediterranean 



and throughout Africa. I found it very common on the lagoons near the coast of Natal ; 



and Bohm obtained it in Central Africa, near Lake Tanganyika (Journ. Orn. 1885, p. 66). 



It also winters in India, Ceylon, Burma, China, the Malay Archipelago, and Australia. The 



winter range of this species is very extended, stragglers having occurred on Mauritius, 



Norfolk Island, in Chili, at Buenos Ayres, and in Elorida. 



The Greenshank frequents the sandy banks of rivers and lakes, and is especially fond 

 of feeding on the mud-flats at the estuaries of rivers during low tide. 



TOTANUS STAGNATILIS. 



MARSH-SANDPIPER. 



Totanus dorso postico albo : secundariis canis, non fasciatis : uiagnitudine parva (alse circa 140 Diagnosis, 

 millim.) . 



Even Brehm was unable to find any local races of this species. 



Variations. 



Totanus stagnatilis, Bechstein, Orn. Taschenb. ii. p. 292 (1803). Synonymy. 



Glottis stagnatilis (Bechst.), Koch, Syst. baier. Zool. p. 306 (1816). 



Totanus tenuirostris, Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 192 (1822). 



Trynga guinetta, Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat. ii. p. 195 (1826). 



Iliornis stagnatilis (Bechst.), Kavp, Natiirl. Syst. p. 156 (1829). 



Limosa horsfieldii, Sykes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1832, p. 163. 



Totanus lathami, Gray &; Hardwicke, III. Ind. Zool. pi. 51 (1834). 



Glottis horsfieldii (Sykes), Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus. iii. p. 99 (1844). 



Totanus stagnalis (Bechst.),^ „ „. 7 ... __ /1Q . e x 



& \ ■" I Gray, Genera of Birds, m. p. o73 (1846). 



Totanus horsfieldii (Sykes), J 



Plates. — Gould, Birds of Australia, vi. pi. 37 ; Gray and Hardwicke, 111. Ind. Orn. pi. 51. fig. 3 ; Literature. 



Dresser, Birds of Europe, viii. pi. 566. 

 Habits. — Dresser, Birds of Europe, viii. p. 151. 

 Eggs. — Thienemann, Abbild. Vogeleiern, pi. lxiv. figs. 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 1 d. They may be described 



as miniature eggs of the Greenshank or Redshank. 



