TOTANUS. 



367 



/ r 



TOTANUS SOLITARIUS. 



SOLITARY SANDPIPER. 



Totanus axillaribus invicem albo brunneoque fasciatis : supracaudalibus centralibus brunneis : Diagnosis, 

 primariis haucl fasciatis. 



Eastern and Western examples of this species appear to be identical. 



Variations. 



Tringa solitaria, Wilson, Am. Orn. vii. p. 53 (1813). 



Totanus chloropygius, \ R ^ ^ ^.^ ^ y . 4R 



lotanus punctatus, J 



Totanus caligatus, Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. p. 74 (1823). 



Tringa inacroptera, Spix, Av. Bras. ii. p. 76 (1825) . 



Bhyacophilus chloropygius (Vieill.) , Bonap. Compt. Rend, xliii. p. 597 (1856). 



Rhyacophilus solitarius (Wilson), Baird, Cassin, §■ Laivrence, B. N. Amer. p. 733 (1860). 



Synonymy. 



Plates. — Wilson, Am. Orn. pi. 58. fig. 3 ; Audubon, Birds Am. v. pi. 343. 

 Habits. — Seebohm, British Birds, iii. p. 130. 



Eggs. — Unknown. (The egg described from Vermont (Brewer, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, 1878, 

 p. 197) is so small that it is probably that of a Spotted Sandpiper.) 



Literature. 



The Solitary Sandpiper has axillaries alternately barred with white and drown ; the Specific 

 central upper tail-coverts are brown like the rump and back, but there are no traces of bars 

 on the primaries. No other Totanus fulfils all these conditions. It is unquestionably the 

 American representative of the Green Sandpiper [T. ochropus). 



The Solitary Sandpiper is found during the breeding- season on the American continent Geographi- 

 as far south as lat. 44°, and northwards up to the limit of forest- growth, which in the west ^ n CIS " 

 extends beyond the Arctic Circle, but in the east not nearly so far north. On migration it 

 passes through most of the United States, though many cross the ocean by way of the 

 Bermudas (Reid, Zoologist, 1S77, p. 478), whence it may easily be carried to our coasts 

 by storms or contrary winds. In Mexico, Central America, Trinidad, and the West Indies 

 it probably only occurs on migration, but it winters in South America. I have an example 

 collected by Goering in Venezuela ; Wallace found it at the mouth of the Amazon (Sclater 

 & Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1867, p. 592); Rohde obtained it in Paraguay (Berlepsch, 



