TOTANUS. 



371 



TOTANUS HYPOLEUCUS. 



COMMON SANDPIPER. 



Totanus axillaribus albis : secundariarum octava nonaque pro majore parte albis : primariarum Diagnosis. 

 plurimis albo notatis : supracaudalibus uropygioque haud albo notatis. 



No local races of this species are known. 



Tringa hypoleucos, Linneus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 149 (1758) ; Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 250 (1766). 



Tringa guinetta, Brisson, Orn. v. p. 183 (1760). 



Actitis hypoleucos {Linn.), llliger, Prodromus, p. 262 (1811). 



Totanus hypoleucos {Linn.), Temminck, Man. d'Orn. p. 424 (1815). 



Totanus guinetta {Briss.), Leach, Syst. Cat. Mamm. fyc. Brit. Mus. p. 30 (1816). 



Tryuga leucoptera, Pallas, Zcogr. Rosso-Asiat. ii. p. 196 (1826). 



Tringoides hypoleucus {Linn.), Bonap. Sagg. Distrib. Metod. p. 58 (1831). 



Guinetta hypoleuca {Linn.), Gray, List Gen. B. p. 68 (1840). 



Aetit ; s ernpusa, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, p. 222. 



Actitis schlegeli, Bonap. Cornpt. Rend, xliii. p. 597 (1856). 



Tringoides empusa {Gould), Sclater, Jvurn. Proc. Linn. Soc. ii. p. 170 (1858). 



Totanus empusa {Gould), Gray, Cat. Birds N. Guinea, p. 52 (1859). 



Variations. 



Synonymy. 



Plates. — Daub. PI. Enl. no. 850 ; Gculd, Birds Gt. Brit. iv. pi. 58 ; Dresser, Birds of Europe, Literature. 



viii. pi. 563. 

 Habits. — Seebohm, British Birds, iii. p. 117. 

 Eggs. — Seebohm, British Birds, pi. 30. figs. 7, 8, 9. 



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