416 



TRINGA. 



Climatic 

 distribution. 



Tringa. 



GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION 



(during the breeding-season) . 



Arctic Region. 



Actodromas. 



alpina . 



CANUTUS. 

 ARENARIA 

 MARITIMA 



SUBARQUATA 

 CRASSIROSTR1S 



Circumpolar. 



Eurasia and East America. 



Eurasian. 

 European and West Asiatic. 



Siberian. 

 East Siberian. 



i 



Islands in Behring Sea. 



Islands north of Behring Straits. 



Alaska. 



Alaska and Lake Region. 



Alaska to Labrador. 



Alaska to Greenland. 



bonaparti Hudson's Bay Terr, and Greenland. 



PTILOCNEMIS 



COUESI 



RUFESCENS 



PLATYRHYNCHA. 

 MINUTA. 



TEMMINCKI. 

 RUFICOLLIS. 

 SUBMINUTA. 

 ACUMINATA. 



PYGM.5EA. 



BAIRDI. 



MINUTILLA. 



PECTORALIS. 



The genus Tringa is Arctic and Circumpolar. The distribution during the breeding- 

 season of the 20 species and subspecies of which it consists is as follows : — 



Arctic America 8 



Arctic America and Eurasia 4 



Arctic Eurasia 8 



Species and subspecies of Tringa . . — 20 



The geographical distribution of the Tringce is cosmopolitan, but during the breeding- 

 season they are for the most part Arctic birds. One or two species breed as far north as 

 land is known to extend ; all the species are found breeding within the Arctic Circle ; the 

 breeding-range of very few extends to the sub-arctic regions, and no species breeds in the 

 tropics. 



Many of the species must be regarded as post-glacial, that is to say, that during the 

 warm period which followed the Post-Pliocene Glacial Period they became circumpolar ; and 

 some are partially, others wholly, differentiated in consequence of the partial or complete 

 isolation produced by the comparatively recent accumulation of ice at the North Pole. 



