30 



bus sed albido lavatis : fronte cum genis et supercilio distincto albis : linea a basi rostri per oculum 

 ducta. cum regione parotica brunnescentibus rufo tinctis : nucha, et collo toto postico grisescenti- 

 brunneis : tectricibus alarum minimis saturate bmnneis anguste rufo marginatis, medianis et majoribus 

 fulvo lavatis, bis albo terminatis, fasciam alarem conspicuam formantibus : remigibus saturate brunneis, 

 scapis albis, nonnullis ad basin brunnescentibus, secundariis albo marginatis, intimis longissimis 

 brunneis fulvo marginatis : cauda. pallide cinerascenti-brunnea, pennis duabus mediis brunneis rufo 

 marginatis exceptis : subtiis pure albus, pectore antico paullo fulvescente. 



Adult male in breeding-plumage. Above rufous, tbe centre of tbe featbers black, which shows ratber con- 

 spicuously, especially on tbe scapulars, most of tbe featbers edged witb whitish, giving a boary 

 appearance to the upper surface of tbe body ; forehead and cheeks more especially white, with minute 

 specks of brown here and there ; the feathers in front of the eye, ear-coverts, and sides of the neck 

 very clear rufous, mottled with blackish, and very slightly varied with hoary white; wing-coverts 

 greyish brown, the least ones entirely of this colour, the greater ones varied with rufous like the back, 

 and both these and the innermost dark brown, primary coverts tipped witb white, forming a distinct 

 bar across the wing ; quills glossy greyish-brown, becoming black towards the tip, shafts white, tinged 

 with brownish at the base and near the tip; the inner primaries edged conspicuously witb white near 

 the base, median quills narrowly edged witb white, the inner secondaries greyish brown, with broad 

 black centres and very broad rufous margins to the feathers, which are likewise varied with hoary 

 white like the back; upper tail-coverts blackish, slightly varied with rufous at the tip; tail pale ashy 

 brown, with narrow margins of white, the two centre feathers black, witb rufous edges ; under surface 

 of the body pure white, the fore part of the chest rufescent, slightly greyish, with specks of blackish 

 brown ; under tail-coverts very long, and pure white, as are also the feathers on the side of tbe vent, the 

 lattter showing conspicuously on each side of the rump ; under wing-coverts white, the small feathers 

 on the edge of tbe wing varied with greyish brown ; axillary plumes white ; bill and feet black ; iris 

 dark brown. Total length 53 inches, culmen - 7, wing 3 - 6, tail To, tarsus 0'8. 



Obs. The specimen above described was procured by Dresser at Barcelona, in Spain, on the 10th of May 

 1866 ; and a female obtained at the same time showed no difference of any consequence, except in being 

 less hoary and not having such distinct white edgings to the feathers ; there is less white also on the 

 forehead and cheeks, these parts being slightly tinged with rufous. A female, shot near the coast of 

 the Black Sea by Mr. Robson on the 5th of June, 1871, is not quite in full plumage, having very little 

 rufous on the greater and median coverts ; a male, however, killed on the same day, is in full summer 

 dress ; so that it is possible that the female is a little later in assuming the full summer plumage, as is 

 the case with many other Waders. 



Winter plumage. Upper surface greyish brown, mottled with blackish, this appearance being caused by tbe 

 dark centres to the feathers, which show conspicuously ; forehead and a slight eyebrow, feathers round 

 the eye and cheeks whitish; feathers in front of the eye and ear-coverts greyish brown; scapulars 

 greyish brown, like tbe back, with a central shaft-stripe of dark brown ; least and median wing-coverts 

 dark brown, with very narrow whitish margins to the latter feathers ; greater coverts greyish brown, 

 with a white tip forming a distinct alar bar ; quills dark brown, with white shafts for the most part, 

 though one or two are strongly tinged with brownish near the base and tip ; secondaries dark brown ; 

 tail-feathers pale ashy-brown, except the two centre feathers, which are dark brown; under surface of 

 the body white, with a patch of greyish brown on each side of the upper breast. 



Young in autumn plumage. Crown of the head dark brown, tinged with rufous, and slightly varied with 

 whitish ; forehead and a very distinct eyebrow, as well as the cheeks, pure white ; feathers between the 



