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autumn. Nilsson says that it occurs in the autumn and winter both on the east and west coasts 

 of Sweden, and also on Oland and Gottland, and he observed it in Skane quite late in the season, 

 at the commencement of winter. I find no record of its occurrence on the Baltic coasts of 

 Finland ; but on the shores of the Arctic ocean, in North Russia, it is found here and there, and 

 occurs on Novaya Zemlya, where, however, Von Heuglin states, it is rare. Messrs. Seebohm 

 and Harvie-Brown, who obtained it in North Russia, write (Ibis, 1876, p. 308) as follows, •viz. : — 

 " On the Golaievskai Islands, at the entrance of the Petchora Gulf, we found Sanderlings in 

 small parties associating with Dunlins, and feeding on the low wet sandbanks, which are only a 

 foot or so above the level of the high tide, and procured a few specimens already beginning to 

 undergo the autumnal moult. Afterwards at Dvoinik a few more were obtained ; but we failed 

 to discover their breeding-places. Had our visit to the Golaievskai Islands not been so hurried, 

 and had we found time even to walk to the far end of one of those we landed on, a distance of 

 ten versts, where, we were told, there was higher and dryer ground covered with grass, it is 

 possible that we might have added their eggs to our list; but the accounts we received, like 

 many other items of information, were most conflicting, one person affirming from personal 

 observation that the said islands are grass-covered, and another being equally positive that they 

 are not. We cannot but believe, however, that their breeding-haunts were not far distant, 

 whether upon the islands of the Golaievskai group unvisited by us, or upon the coast east or 

 west of Dvoinik, or upon the coast of the Timanskai tundra, or upon all of these. In regard 

 to the migration of the Sanderling in the south of Russia, the authors of the Russian work 

 already referred to tell us that it has been seen in spring on the Spara, and in the autumn at 

 Kasan." 



During passage it is found on the coasts of North Germany, but is much rarer on the Baltic 

 than on the North Sea. It also occurs in Denmark, but somewhat sparingly, during the two 

 seasons of passage. On the coasts of the North Sea it is more commonly met with ; and Meyer 

 says (Brit. B. v. p. 164) that " during the month of November its numbers in Holland are very 

 great, although it does not remain there during the winter ; on its return in the spring it remains 

 on the Dutch coast to the end of May. The migration takes place by night, and principally 

 along the sea-shores, or across the sea itself; and the locality it frequents during the daytime is 

 flat, sandy, and shingly ground, in preference to muddy or boggy spots." On the island of 

 Borkum it has been observed by Baron von Droste Hiilshoff as late as the middle of May. It is 

 found on the shores of Belgium ; and Messrs. Degland and Gerbe say that it occurs regularly on 

 passage in the north of France, and usually appears near Dunkerque in August, September, and 

 October, and again in April and May, in company with numbers of other Waders. In severe 

 winters it is found on the shores of the Mediterranean, where M. Crespon records it as rare. 

 Professor Barboza du Bocage includes it in his list of the birds of Portugal ; and in Spain it is 

 numerous in the autumn and part of the winter. Colonel Irby remarks that he saw the last 

 during the first week in May; and Mr. Howard Saunders remarks that he never saw one in 

 Spain in any thing approaching to summer plumage. According to Salvador! it is not very 

 rare in Italy, has been met with tolerably often in Venetia, Liguria, Sicily, and Sardinia, and is 

 said to be of irregular occurrence in Sicily, appearing in some seasons in large numbers. 

 Mr. A. B. Brooke mentions that he found it by no means uncommon in Sardinia. In Greece, 



