321 



HYDKOCHELIDON LEUCOPTEEA. 



(WHITE-WINGED BLACK TERN.) 



Sterna fissipes, Pall. Zoogr. Eosso-As. ii. p. 338 (1811, nee Linn.). 



Sterna leucoptera, Schinz, in Meisn. & Schinz, Vog. der Schweiz, p. 264 (1815). 



Hydrochelidon leucoptera (Schinz), Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 563. 



Viralva leucoptera (Schinz), Steph. in Shaw's Gen. Zool. xiii. p. 170 (1825). 



Hydrochelidon leucopterum (Schinz), Bp. Comp. List, p. 61 (1838). 



Hydrochelidon nigra, G. K. Gray, Gen. of B. iii. p. 660 (1844-49, nee Linn.). 



Hydrochelidon subleucoptera, C. L. Brehm, Vogelfang, p. 350 (1855). 



Hydrochelidon javanica, Swinh. Ibis, 1860, p. 68 (nee Horsf.). 



Hydrochelidon niger, Severtz. Turk. Jevotnie, p. 70 (1873, nee Linn.). 



Hirondelle de mer leucoptere, French ; Mignattino ali-hianche, Italian ; Cirlena, Maltese ; 

 weissflugelige Seeschivalbe, German ; Hvitvingad Tama, Swedish. 



Figurcv notabiles. 

 Meisner & Schinz, op. cit. pi. 1 ; Werner, Atlas, Palmipedes, pi. 8 ; Fritsch, Vog. Eur. 

 taf. 54. fig. 7; Naumann, Vog. Deutschl. taf. 257; Sundevall, Svensk. Fogl. pi. 78. 

 figs. 2, 3; Gould, B. of Eur. pi. 423; id. B. of G. B. v. pi. 76. 



Ad. ptil. <est. capite, collo, dorso, scapularibus, secundariis intimis et corpore subtus, subcaudalibus exceptis, 

 nigris : dorso vix fumoso lavato : priraariis nigricantibus cinereo tinctis, in pogonio interno extus canis, 

 rhachibus albis, secundariis externis canis, in pogonio interno et ad apicem saturatioribus : tectri- 

 cibus alarum minimis albis, medianis et majoribus pulchre cinereis : uropygio, Cauda, supra- et sub- 

 caudalibus albis : subalaribus nigris, extus albo notatis : rostro nigricanti-rubro : iride fused : pedibus 

 rubris. 



Ad. ptil. Mem. H. nigra similis, sed supracaudalibus et uropygio fere albis. 



Adult Male in spring (Biskra). Head, neck, back, scapulars, and innermost secondaries, and entire under- 

 pays, excepting the under tail-coverts, deep black; primary quills blackish grey, fading to greyish 

 white on the outer portion of the inner webs, except on the terminal portion, shafts of the feathers 

 white ; secondaries light French grey, rather darker on the inner web and the terminal portion ; lesser 

 wing-coverts and edge of the wing white, larger coverts French grey ; tail, upper and under tail-coverts 

 pure white; under wing-coverts black and blackish grey, the edge of the wing mottled with white; 

 beak reddish black ; iris dark brown ; legs and feet vermilion-red with a coral tinge. Total length 

 about 9 - 5 inches, wing 8*2, tail 3 - 0, tarsus 0'8, middle toe with claw 0'9. 



Adult Female (Sarepta, May). Resembles the male, but is, if any thing, a trifle less deeply coloured. 



Winter plumage. Differs from H. nigra in the same stage of plumage merely in the rump and upper tail- 



