472 



Figures notabiles. 



Edwards, Nat. Hist. iii. pi. 149; D'Aubenton, PI. Enl. 991; Kjaerb. Orn. Dan. taf. 43; 

 Naumann, Vog. Deutschl. tafs. 272, 273 ; Sundevall, Svensk. Fogl. pi. 51. figs. 2, 3 ; 

 Gould, B. of Eur. pi. 441; id. B. of G. Brit. v. pi. 80; Schlegel, Vog. Nederl. pi. 337; 

 Swains. F. Bor.-Am. pi. 73; Audub. B. of Am. pi. 452. 



Ad. pileo et pilei lateribus nigro-fuscis, fronte pallidiore : mento et collo albis, colli lateribus et collo postico 

 flavido lavatis : corpore supra saturate fusco, dorso cinereo lavato : remigibus nigro-fuscis : Cauda, dorso 

 concolori, rectricibus duabus centralibus elongatis et attenuatis : corpore subtiis albo, gutture imo et 

 pectore fusco-cinereo lavatis : crisso et subcaudalibus saturate fuscis : rostro ad basin plumbeo, versus 

 apicem nigro : iride fusca : pedibus nigricantibus. 



Ad. var. fuliginoso nigro-fuscus cinereo tinctus, remigibus, rectricibus et pileo saturatioribus : corpore subtiis 

 pallidiore. 



Juv. pileo ochraceo, nigro striato : nucha et collo postico oehraceis vix fusco notatis : corpore supra nigro- 

 fusco, plumis omnibus conspicue rufescente ochraceo marginatis : remigibus nigro-fuscis, secundariis 

 vix ochraceo apicatis : cauda ad basin cervino-albida, versus apicem nigro-fusca, : corpore subtiis ochraceo- 

 albido, nigro-fusco fasciato et notato : rostro sicut in adulto colorato : iride fusca. 



Adult Male (Greenland) . Crown and sides of the head to below the eye dark brown, paler on the forehead ; 

 chin, upper part of the neck, and hind neck white, washed with yellow on the sides of the neck and 

 hind neck; entire upper parts (excepting the hind neck) deep, almost blackish, brown, the inter - 

 scapulary region tinged with grey, and paler in some lights ; quills blackish brown, the shafts of the 

 inner quills brownish, and of the outer ones white ; tail like the back in colour, the two central 

 rectrices extending about three inches beyond the rest, and gradually tapering to a point ; underparts 

 white, the upper part of the breast and lower throat washed with ashy brown ; crissum and under tail- 

 coverts dark brown ; bill lead-bluish at the base, otherwise blackish ; iris dark brown ; legs blackish. 

 Total length about 20 inches, culmen 15, wing 13"3, tail 8 - 9, the central rectrices extending 31 beyond 

 the lateral ones, tarsus 1*8. 



Adult Female (Archangel) . Undistinguishable from the male in plumage. 



Adult Male (dark form, Archangel, 10th June). Entire plumage sooty black with a greyish tinge, the 

 crown, wings, and tail darker than the rest of the plumage, and the underparts rather lighter. 



Young (St. Michael's, N. A.). Crown warm ochreous, striped with blackish; nape and hind neck warm 

 ochreous, almost unmarked; upper parts blackish brown, all the feathers broadly tipped with warm 

 ochreous ; quills blackish brown, the secondaries slightly tipped with ochreous ; tail buffy white at the 

 base, otherwise blackish brown ; underparts ochreous white, irregularly barred and marked with blackish, 

 the flanks strongly barred with blackish, and rather more washed with ochreous ; bill as in the adult ; 

 iris brown ; legs light bluish white ; the fore part of the feet leaden black. 



Young in down (Hoy Island) . Covered with sooty blackish-brown down, the underparts rather paler than 

 the upper surface of the body. 



Obs. The present species is subject to considerable variation in plumage; and these variations are not 

 sexual, but appear to be individual. The usual form appears to be that above described, either with an 



