587 



UEIA MANDTI. 



(SPITZBERGEN GUILLEMOT.) 



TJria mandtii, Licht. in Mandt, Observat. &c. Diss, inaug. p. 30 (1822). 



TJria mandtii, Licht. Verz. Doubl. p. 88 (1823). 



TJria glacialis, C. L. Brehm, Lehrb. eur. Vog. ii. p. 1008 (1824). 



CejjJms glacialis, C. L. Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 991 (1831). 



TJria maudtii, Licht., Bp. Comp. List, p. 65, laps. cal. (1838). 



Grylle mandtii (Licht.), Bp. Ucc. Eur. p. 82 (1842). 



TJria grylle mandtii, Schlegel, Bev. Crit. p. 107 (1844). 



TJria grylle auctt. partim. 



Figura nulla. 



Urm gryllce similis, sed rostra graciliore, tectricibus alarum ad radices albis, facile distinguenda. 



Adult Male (Spitzbergen, 10th July) . Resembles Uria grylle, but has the bill slightly smaller ; and the 

 feathers constituting the white patch on the wing are white to the base, and not black on the basal 

 portion as in U. grylle. Culmen 1*5 inch, wing 6'4, tail 2"0, tarsus 1*1. 



Adult Female (Spitzbergen). Resembles the male. 



Obs. In the different stages of plumage from the nestling to the old bird, and from summer to winter, this 

 species assimilates closely to Uria grylle. The elongated white-tipped secondaries have been cited as 

 characteristic of this bird : but this is not the case ; for I only observe it in specimens which are not in 

 fresh, full plumage ; and it is probably dependent on the age of the feathers, for those which show it 

 have the quills worn down to a greyish tinge. 



The present species was first recognized as specifically separable by Lichtenstein in 1822 ; but 

 since then it has by most authors been treated as identical with TJria grylle. Professor Newton 

 appears to have been the first (Ibis, 1865, pp. 517-519) to point out the character by which it is 

 most readily recognizable, viz. the absence of concealed black on the white wing-patch, and which 

 was overlooked by Lichtenstein. 



This Guillemot inhabits Spitzbergen, to the exclusion of TJria grylle, and Novaya Zemlya, 

 and may possibly, I think, range still further east. So far as I can gather, it does not seem to 

 visit the coasts of Greenland ; for all the specimens I have seen from there are referable to TJria 

 grylle. Professor Newton says (1. c.), " it is, with the exception of the Puffin, the least numerous 

 of the Alcidm in Spitzbergen ; but it is plentiful enough for all that. Dr. Malmgren states that 

 it breeds, in company with its allies, in the cliffs. The only eggs I procured were taken by one 

 of our crew, who said they were lying on a low rock quite exposed, and not in a hole as I believe 

 is always the case with those of our Black Guillemot ; but they closely resemble those of that 

 bird, and, from what I afterwards observed on Russo, I am inclined to think it also has the same 



