Artzibascheff states that it breeds commonly on the Sarpa. In Poland it is a numerous 

 summer visitant, breeding on most of the larger lakes ; and Borggreve says that it is a regular 

 summer visitant to the eastern portions of North Germany, but much rarer in the west, there 

 being fewer large lakes suitable for breeding-purposes. According to Mr. Herman Schalow 

 (J. f. O. 1876, p. 3) it occurs frequently on all large sheets of water in Mark Brandenburg. Of 

 late years it has become scarce on the lake near Tegel and the Upper Havel, whereas it has often 

 been found breeding near Potsdam, on the Lower Havel. On large isolated lakes in the forests it 

 is numerous ; and in July 1874 he observed fourteen pairs on the Lake of Samoth near Reisenthal. 

 Collin states (Skand. Fugl. p. 717) that it " breeds in several of the Danish lakes, as, for instance, 

 on the Fure, Salting, Hul, and Mos lakes, Nonnemolle lake near Viborg, Skandeborg lake, 

 La?gind lake on Mors. According to Dr. P. Heiberg it breeds also in the Sperring and Gyrup 

 lakes and Hjardemaal Klit; but neither this nor any other Grebe has been observed in Vend- 

 syssel. In Schleswig it nests in the Over, Kliplev, Nyhus, and Braballing lakes ; and in Holstein 

 in the Ploner and Vesten lakes. It arrives in April and leaves late in September or early in 

 October, though young birds are seen on the fiords and in the bays in early winter." Dr. Blasius 

 writes (J. f. O. 1877, p. 342) that it is undoubtedly found in Schleswig-Holstein in summer, as 

 also near Schwerin (£.), where on the 17th of March one individual was observed amongst a 

 number of Fulica atra. It is also a summer resident near Krotoschin, Landskron, Altenkirchen, 

 the lake at Seeburg, and Biddagshausen ; at the latter place the first egg was found on the 25th 

 of April, 1869 ; in 1870, on the 6th of April, three eggs were taken. Single individuals have 

 been seen in summer near Walkenried, and during the spring migration near Stiege. Near 

 Breslau they were observed on passage in the end of March, and in autumn in large flocks late 

 in November ; but during the spring migration it only occurs singly. It breeds in Holland, 

 arriving in April and leaving in September ; and during passage it is very numerous, some also 

 remaining through the winter. It visits the coasts of Belgium in winter, and is of regular 

 occurrence on passage in spring and autumn in France — and breeds in many departments, 

 although less abundantly in the south than formerly. 



In Portugal it is rare, but less so in Spain. Lord Lilford writes to me as follows : — " In 

 Andalucia we found this species breeding on the small lakes of Santa Olaya, in the Coto de 

 Donana, the nests, composed of water-weeds, were very slight, and placed amongst the weed 

 which covered the lake, without any attempt at concealment ; but I observed that the birds on 

 leaving the nest went through the performance of pulling a stalk or two of wet stuff over the 

 eggs, and sank quietly into the water, their heads disappearing last. There were three or four 

 pairs of the present species breeding on one of the small lakes, amongst a good number of 

 Podkeps nigricollis, Podice_ps minor, Hydrochelidon hybrida, and Hydrochelidon Jissijtes. The 

 nests of all these birds were more or less wet ; in some of them the eggs were actually floating ; 

 and in the case of the three species of Grebe the eggs were stained to a uniform dark chocolate- 

 colour, and all contained young birds within a few days of hatching. This was in the first 

 fortnight of May 1872. I presume that this dark colour arises from the continual covering of 

 the eggs with wet weeds under a hot sun, as a protection, no doubt, from the Harriers which 

 abound in this district." Mr. Howard Saunders says that its principal haunt is the Albufera of 

 Valencia; but Colonel Irby states that he never met with it towards Casa Vieja and Gibraltar. 



