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not uncommon in Orkney, as one might indeed expect, seeing that the species has been found 

 breeding in some numbers in countries lying to the north-east of Scotland." According to 

 Dr. Saxby it is occasionally met with in autumn and spring in Shetland, but it is rather scarce 

 than otherwise. 



In Ireland, Mr. Thompson writes (B. of Irel. iii. p. 184), this Grebe " is only known as an 

 extremely rare winter visitant. It is the rarest of the Grebes in Ireland. The first recorded 

 specimen that came under my inspection was an immature one procured late in the autumn of 

 1831 (by Dr. J. D. Marshall) from the captain of a vessel, who shot it on the coast of Down: it 

 is preserved in the Belfast Museum. One which I have seen in the collection of Mr. Warren, 

 of Dublin, was noted as sent to the metropolis from the county of Wexford on the 24th of 

 February 1838; but as the note was not made until some time after the receipt of the bird, 

 possibly it may be the same individual that a correspondent informed me had been found on the 

 shore near Arklow on the first of that month. It was said to be a female, and to agree with 

 Jenyns's description of the ' young at the age of two years.' One was shot in December 1842, at 

 the mouth of the Glengariff river, Bantry Bay, by Mr. G. Jackson, gamekeeper, and was the only 

 individual he ever met with. In the collection of Mr. John Watters, jun., Dublin, I have seen a 

 specimen of this Grebe, stated to have been shot on a lake at Sandymount, near that city, on the 

 24th of January 1848. One only of these birds has come under my examination in a recent 

 state. It was shot in Belfast Bay on the 23rd of February 1850, where it had been observed for 

 the few preceding days." 



It has been obtained on three occasions in Greenland ; and on these examples it has been 

 proposed to found a new species (Podiceps holbcelli), which, however, does not appear to me to be 

 worthy of specific rank. It is said to have occurred in Iceland ; but it appears almost doubtful 

 if such is the case. In Scandinavia, however, it is resident, though not common. Mr. Collett 

 says that, though rather rare than otherwise, it is commoner than any other Grebe in Southern 

 Norway, and probably breeds in many districts. It is found there at all seasons of the year. It 

 has been obtained at Mandal and up to Stavanger. Nilsson says that it is not uncommon in 

 Southern Sweden, but near Gottenburg it is rare, and only occurs in Bohuslan in winter. 

 According to Dr. Palmen it breeds but rarely in Southern Finland; but it ranges northward 

 into Southern Lapland, where Mr. A. E. Nylander met with it in Kittila, and believes that it 

 ranges even further northwards. It arrives in Southern Finland early in May; but Dr. Palmen 

 does not know when the autumn migration takes place. I have received examples from near 

 Archangel, where it is said to breed ; but Mr. Sabanaeff says that it occurs in the northern part 

 of Central Russia on passage, and breeds in the south and south-eastern districts, where it is 

 common. He did not observe it in the Ural. According to Mr. Taczanowski it breeds in 

 Poland, but is much less common than the Great Crested Grebe. 



In North Germany it breeds here and there in the eastern portion, but is only rare on 

 passage in the west. I have received eggs from near Stettin ; and it is said to breed not uncom- 

 monly near Danzig. In Denmark it is the commonest of the Grebes, and breeds, Mr. Collin 

 says, on Moen, in Roeskildeegnen, at Helsingor, on Furuso, at Ostrupgaard, near Odense, and at 

 Utterslevmose ; and he himself found it breeding on several lakes in Jutland, and on Fyen. 

 Melchior took its nest at Gammelso, in Seeland ; and Faber says that it nests on Samso, in 



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