ALAUDA GULGULA. 



(INDIAN SKY-LARK.) 



Alauda gulgula, Franklin, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1831, p. 119. 



Alauda gracilis, Blyth, J. As. Soc. Beng. xi. p. 201 (1842). 



Alauda gangetica, Blyth, J. As. Soc. Beng. xii. p. 181 (1843). 



Alauda triborhyncha, v. leiopus, Hodgs. in Gray's Zool. Misc. p. 84 (1844). 



Alauda cristata (partim), Gray, Gen. of B. ii. p. 380 (1844). 



Alauda malabarica (nee Sykes), Horsf. & Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. ii. p. 467 (185G). 



Alauda coelivox, Swinhoe, Zoologist, 1859, p. 6723. 



Alauda sala, Swinhoe, Ihis, 1870, p. 354. 



Alauda voattersi, Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 389. 



Alauda inconspicua, Severtzoff, Turk. Jevotnie, p. 142 (1873) (see Brooks, Ibis, 1892, 



p. 61). 

 Alauda peguensis, Oates, Str. Feath. iii. p. 343 (1875). 



Alauda triborhyncha, Hodgs., Radde & Walter, Vog. Transcasp. p. 39 (1888). 

 Alauda guttata (nee Brooks), Zarudny, Ois. de la Contree Transcasp. p. 53 (1885). 



" Buruta-pitta, Niala pichike,Te\.; Manam-badi, Tarn. ; Bhurut, Hind.; Bee-lone, Burm. ; 

 Gomarita, Cing." (Oates). 



Figures notabiles. 

 Hodgs. Icon, ined., Passeres, pi. cexciii. fig. 2 ; Henderson & Hume, Lahore to Yark. pi. xx. 



A. arvensi similis, sed minor, rostro longiore et graciliore. 



Adult Female (Baghyr, April 15th). Resembles South-European specimens of our Common Sky-Lark ; but 

 is smaller in size, and has the bill longer and more slender; mouth yellowish; upper mandible dark 

 horn, lower pinkish fleshy, dusky at the tip ; iris brown ; eyelids plumbeous ; legs fleshy brown ; claws 

 pale horn-colour. Total length about 6'5 inches, culmen 0'65, wing 3 - 35, tail 2'0, tarsus - 95. 



Obs. The male differs from the female in being rather larger in size, the wing usually measuring about 

 3"5 inches. Like our Sky-Lark the variation in colour is considerable, some specimens being much 

 darker than others. A specimen from the Indus valley obtained in June is very dark, as is also a not 

 fully adult bird from Ladak. So far as I can see, there is no constant difference between this species 

 and Alauda arvensis except size, the present species being constantly much smaller, and the bill is, as 

 a rule, much longer and more slender. 



The range of this, the Indian representative of our European Sky-Lark, extends from Trans- 

 caspia, throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma, to Southern China and the Philippines. I have 

 received a pair from Dr. Radde, obtained at Baghyr, Transcaspia, in March and April, which I 



2k 



